I just watched "Sacrifice of Angels" on Heroes and Icons 02-05-2018 and couldn't help noticing a few ways that reason was sacrificed during the episode.
For example, it seems to me that if Sisko is in command of a fleet of six hundred space warships, he should be an admiral, probably ranking at least as high as any admiral in Earth history.
Any readers who are lazy and don't want to read a long post should give up right now and just admit that Sisko should have been promoted to a high rankng admiral before commanding the fleet in "Sacrifice of Angels".
Did you know that in the armed forces of the USA and its Nato allies the highest rank in times of war is a four star (or equivalent insignia) general or admiral? In times of war it is possible to have a rank one step higher, the equivalent of a five star general or admiral.
And as far as I can tell Starfleet has similar ranks. According to Memory Alpha the flag officer ranks of Starfleet are, lowest to highest, Commodore or Rear Admiral Lower Half, Rear Admiral, Vice Admiral, Admiral, and Fleet Admiral.
http://memory-alpha.wikia.com/wiki/Admiral
But I think that any large interstellar polity is likely to have many more grades of admirals.
Suppose that there is a planet in a star system that is inhabited, having a native intelligent species or being colonized by outsiders, and that star system belongs to the large interstellar polity. That interstellar government is likely to have a space naval officer in command of the defenses of that star system such as space fortress or space warships. And that officer is likely to be at least a captain.
Then the officer in command of ten such star systems is likely to be at least a commodore or a rear admiral lower half.
The officer in charge of one hundred such star systems is likely to be at least a rear admiral.
The officer in charge of one thousand such star systems is likely to be at least a vice admiral.
The officer in charge of ten thousand such star systems is likely to be at least an admiral.
The officer in charge of one hundred thousand such star systems is likely to be at least a fleet admiral.
The officer in charge of one million such star systems is likely to be at least one grade above a fleet admiral.
The officer in charge of ten million such star systems is likely to be at least two grades above a fleet admiral.
The officer in charge of one hundred million such star systems is likely to be at least three grades above a fleet admiral.
The officer in charge of one billion such star systems is likely to be at least four grades above a fleet admiral.
The officer in charge of ten billion such star systems is likely to be at least five grades above a fleet admiral.
The officer in charge of one hundred billion such star systems is likely to be at least six grades above a fleet admiral.
Any admiral in a higher command than that is likely to be at least seven grades above a fleet admiral.
If that interstellar government claims a solar system that is uninhabited and has no commericial activities like asteroid mining, it is likely to have at least an observation station in it monitoring interstellar traffic to detect invading enemy fleets, with an officer at least as high as a lieutenant in command.
Then the officer in command of ten such star systems is likely to be at least a lieutenant commander.
The officer in charge of one hundred such star systems is likely to be at least a commander.
The officer in charge of one thousand such star systems is likely to be at least a captain.
The officer in charge of ten thousand such star systems is likely to be at least a commodore or a rear admiral lower half.
The officer in charge of one hundred thousand such star systems is likely to be at least a rear admiral.
The officer in charge of one million such star systems is likely to be at least a vice admiral.
The officer in charge of ten million such star systems is likely to be at least an admiral.
The officer in charge of one hundred million such star systems is likely to be at least a fleet admiral
The officer in charge of one billion such star systems is likely to be at least one grade above a fleet admiral.
The officer in charge of ten billion such star systems is likely to be at least two grades above a fleet admiral.
The officer in charge of one hundred billion such star systems is likely to be at least three grades above a fleet admiral.
Any admiral in a higher command than that is likely to be at least four grades above a fleet admiral.
Suppose that the interstellar government claims volumes of space that are at least partially separated by unclaimed volumes of space. That government is likely to have automated observation stations somewhere in or near each solar system in that unclaimed space to monitor interstellar signals and traffic to detect incoming invasion fleets, etc. The officer in command of the enlisted personnel who occasionally inspect and maintain the automated observation stations in ten such unclaimed solar systems in unclaimed space is likely to be at least an ensign.
The officer in charge of one hundred such star systems is likely to be at least a lieutenant junior grade.
The officer in charge of one thousand such star systems is likely to be at least a lieuteanant.
The officer in charge of ten thousand such star systems is likely to be at least a lieutenant commander.
The officer in charge of one hundred thousand such star systems is likely to be at least a commander.
The officer in charge of one million such star systems is likely to be at least a captain.
The officer in charge of ten million such star systems is likely to be at least a commodore or a rear admiral lower half.
The officer in charge of one hundred million such star systems is likely to be at least a rear admiral.
The officer in charge of one billion such star systems is likely to be at least a vice admiral.
Then the officer in command of ten billion such star systems is likely to be at least an admiral.
The officer in charge of one hundred billion such star systems is likely to be at least a fleet admiral.
The officer in charge of any higher command is likely to be at least one grade above a fleet admiral.
The Milky Way galaxy is estimated to contain between one hundred billion and four hundred billion stars.
Any important and large interstellar government is likely to need to have naval coverage of all three classes of star systems; claimed and inhabited systems, claimed and uninhabited systems, and unclaimed systems that are uninhabited or inhabited by non citizens of that government. Since it is hard to predict the relative proportions of the three types, it is hard to predict the highest rank of admiral in charge of a territorial division of that space realm. But it is likely to be at least as high as Fleet Admiral and possibly many steps above fleet admiral.
But what about the admirals in charge of fleets preparing for potential war or fighting in actual wars.
Suppose that each fleet unit contains ten units on the next lower level.
Then ten space battleships are commanded by a commodore or a rear admiral lower half.
Then one hundred space battleships may be commanded by a rear admiral.
Then one thousand space battleships may be commanded by a vice admiral.
Then ten thousand space battleships may be commanded by an admiral.
Then one hundred thousand space battleships may be commanded by a fleet admiral.
Then one million space battleships may be commanded by an admiral one grade above a fleet admiral.
Then ten million space battleships may be commanded by an admiral two grades above a fleet admiral.
But suppose that each fleet unit contains only two units on the next lower level.
Then 2 space battleships are commanded by a commodore or a rear admiral lower half.
Then 4 space battleships are commanded by a rear admiral.
Then 8 space battleships are commanded by a vice admiral.
Then 16 space battleships are commanded by an admiral.
Then 32 space battleships are commanded by a fleet admiral.
Then 64 space battleships are commanded by an admiral one grade above a fleet admiral.
Then 128 space battleships are commanded by an admiral two grades above a fleet admiral.
Then 256 space battleships are commanded by an admiral three grades above a fleet admiral.
Then 512 space battleships are commanded by an admiral four grades above a fleet admiral.
Then 1,024 space battleships are commanded by an admiral five grades above a fleet admiral.
Then 2,048 space battleships are commanded by an admiral six grades above a fleet admiral.
Then 4,096 space battleships are commanded by an admiral seven grades above a fleet admiral.
Then 8,192 space battleships are commanded by an admiral eight grades above a fleet admiral.
Then 32,768 space battleships are commanded by an admiral nine grades above a fleet admiral.
Then 65,536 space battleships are commanded by an admiral ten grades above a fleet admiral.
Then 131,072 space battleships are commanded by an admiral eleven grades above a fleet admiral.
Then 262,144 space battleships are commanded by an admiral twelve grades above a fleet admiral.
Then 524,288 space battleships are commanded by an admiral thirteen grades above a fleet admiral.
Then 1,048,579 space battleships are commanded by an admiral fourteen grades above a fleet admiral.
And to compromise, it seems reasonable that in a space fleet each unit might contain five units on the next lower level.
Then 5 space battleships are commanded by a commodore or a rear admiral lower half.
Then 25 space battleships are commanded by a rear admiral.
Then 125 space battleships are commanded by a vice admiral.
Then 625 space battleships are commanded by an admiral.
Then 3,125 space battleships are commanded by a fleet admiral.
Then 15,625 space battleships are commanded by an admiral one grade above a fleet admiral.
Then 78,125 space battleships are commanded by an admiral two grades above a fleet admiral.
Then 390,625 space battleships are commanded by an admiral three grades above a fleet admiral.
Then 1,953,125 space battleships are commanded by an admiral four grades above a fleet admiral.
Then 9,765,625 space battleships are commanded by an admiral five grades above a fleet admiral.
Then 48,828,125 space battleships are commanded by an admiral six grades above a fleet admiral.
Thus it is easy to picture that a fleet of 600 space warships in "Sacrifice of Angels" could easily have been commanded by an officer with the rank of vice admiral to fleet admiral, and quite possibly higher.
So in order to make it plausible for Sisko to command 600 space warships in "Sacrifice of Angels" the writers should have had him promoted to some permanent admiral rank earlier in the series, and then have him given a temporary wartime rank several ranks higher - though still lower than his boss Admiral Ross - and have him command the vast fleet of 600 space warships in that temporary wartime rank. A promotion to commodore, rear admiral lower half, or rear admiral could have been justified by exposing Martok as a changeling. Then if Sisko's boss Admiral Ross was, say, a seven pip admiral, he might have found that his assistant Sisko was very competent and given him a temporary field promotion to maybe a five pip or six pip admiral and put him in command of the fleet headed for DS9 and the wormhole.
In the Lensman series by E.E. Smith the rival powers Civilization and Boskone each rule most of a galaxy and millions of civilized and industrialized planets, each industrialized planet capable of building and crewing a few space battleships in a few months. Thus in the main space battles each fleet has millions of space battleships.
Thus I suspect that in the space fleets of Civilization and Boskone there are several times as many admiral ranks as ranks of lower officer's, and that an officer who reaches the top rank in their navies spends far more time in the admiral ranks than he spends in the lower officer's ranks.
For example, it seems to me that if Sisko is in command of a fleet of six hundred space warships, he should be an admiral, probably ranking at least as high as any admiral in Earth history.
Any readers who are lazy and don't want to read a long post should give up right now and just admit that Sisko should have been promoted to a high rankng admiral before commanding the fleet in "Sacrifice of Angels".
Did you know that in the armed forces of the USA and its Nato allies the highest rank in times of war is a four star (or equivalent insignia) general or admiral? In times of war it is possible to have a rank one step higher, the equivalent of a five star general or admiral.
And as far as I can tell Starfleet has similar ranks. According to Memory Alpha the flag officer ranks of Starfleet are, lowest to highest, Commodore or Rear Admiral Lower Half, Rear Admiral, Vice Admiral, Admiral, and Fleet Admiral.
http://memory-alpha.wikia.com/wiki/Admiral
But I think that any large interstellar polity is likely to have many more grades of admirals.
Suppose that there is a planet in a star system that is inhabited, having a native intelligent species or being colonized by outsiders, and that star system belongs to the large interstellar polity. That interstellar government is likely to have a space naval officer in command of the defenses of that star system such as space fortress or space warships. And that officer is likely to be at least a captain.
Then the officer in command of ten such star systems is likely to be at least a commodore or a rear admiral lower half.
The officer in charge of one hundred such star systems is likely to be at least a rear admiral.
The officer in charge of one thousand such star systems is likely to be at least a vice admiral.
The officer in charge of ten thousand such star systems is likely to be at least an admiral.
The officer in charge of one hundred thousand such star systems is likely to be at least a fleet admiral.
The officer in charge of one million such star systems is likely to be at least one grade above a fleet admiral.
The officer in charge of ten million such star systems is likely to be at least two grades above a fleet admiral.
The officer in charge of one hundred million such star systems is likely to be at least three grades above a fleet admiral.
The officer in charge of one billion such star systems is likely to be at least four grades above a fleet admiral.
The officer in charge of ten billion such star systems is likely to be at least five grades above a fleet admiral.
The officer in charge of one hundred billion such star systems is likely to be at least six grades above a fleet admiral.
Any admiral in a higher command than that is likely to be at least seven grades above a fleet admiral.
If that interstellar government claims a solar system that is uninhabited and has no commericial activities like asteroid mining, it is likely to have at least an observation station in it monitoring interstellar traffic to detect invading enemy fleets, with an officer at least as high as a lieutenant in command.
Then the officer in command of ten such star systems is likely to be at least a lieutenant commander.
The officer in charge of one hundred such star systems is likely to be at least a commander.
The officer in charge of one thousand such star systems is likely to be at least a captain.
The officer in charge of ten thousand such star systems is likely to be at least a commodore or a rear admiral lower half.
The officer in charge of one hundred thousand such star systems is likely to be at least a rear admiral.
The officer in charge of one million such star systems is likely to be at least a vice admiral.
The officer in charge of ten million such star systems is likely to be at least an admiral.
The officer in charge of one hundred million such star systems is likely to be at least a fleet admiral
The officer in charge of one billion such star systems is likely to be at least one grade above a fleet admiral.
The officer in charge of ten billion such star systems is likely to be at least two grades above a fleet admiral.
The officer in charge of one hundred billion such star systems is likely to be at least three grades above a fleet admiral.
Any admiral in a higher command than that is likely to be at least four grades above a fleet admiral.
Suppose that the interstellar government claims volumes of space that are at least partially separated by unclaimed volumes of space. That government is likely to have automated observation stations somewhere in or near each solar system in that unclaimed space to monitor interstellar signals and traffic to detect incoming invasion fleets, etc. The officer in command of the enlisted personnel who occasionally inspect and maintain the automated observation stations in ten such unclaimed solar systems in unclaimed space is likely to be at least an ensign.
The officer in charge of one hundred such star systems is likely to be at least a lieutenant junior grade.
The officer in charge of one thousand such star systems is likely to be at least a lieuteanant.
The officer in charge of ten thousand such star systems is likely to be at least a lieutenant commander.
The officer in charge of one hundred thousand such star systems is likely to be at least a commander.
The officer in charge of one million such star systems is likely to be at least a captain.
The officer in charge of ten million such star systems is likely to be at least a commodore or a rear admiral lower half.
The officer in charge of one hundred million such star systems is likely to be at least a rear admiral.
The officer in charge of one billion such star systems is likely to be at least a vice admiral.
Then the officer in command of ten billion such star systems is likely to be at least an admiral.
The officer in charge of one hundred billion such star systems is likely to be at least a fleet admiral.
The officer in charge of any higher command is likely to be at least one grade above a fleet admiral.
The Milky Way galaxy is estimated to contain between one hundred billion and four hundred billion stars.
Any important and large interstellar government is likely to need to have naval coverage of all three classes of star systems; claimed and inhabited systems, claimed and uninhabited systems, and unclaimed systems that are uninhabited or inhabited by non citizens of that government. Since it is hard to predict the relative proportions of the three types, it is hard to predict the highest rank of admiral in charge of a territorial division of that space realm. But it is likely to be at least as high as Fleet Admiral and possibly many steps above fleet admiral.
But what about the admirals in charge of fleets preparing for potential war or fighting in actual wars.
Suppose that each fleet unit contains ten units on the next lower level.
Then ten space battleships are commanded by a commodore or a rear admiral lower half.
Then one hundred space battleships may be commanded by a rear admiral.
Then one thousand space battleships may be commanded by a vice admiral.
Then ten thousand space battleships may be commanded by an admiral.
Then one hundred thousand space battleships may be commanded by a fleet admiral.
Then one million space battleships may be commanded by an admiral one grade above a fleet admiral.
Then ten million space battleships may be commanded by an admiral two grades above a fleet admiral.
But suppose that each fleet unit contains only two units on the next lower level.
Then 2 space battleships are commanded by a commodore or a rear admiral lower half.
Then 4 space battleships are commanded by a rear admiral.
Then 8 space battleships are commanded by a vice admiral.
Then 16 space battleships are commanded by an admiral.
Then 32 space battleships are commanded by a fleet admiral.
Then 64 space battleships are commanded by an admiral one grade above a fleet admiral.
Then 128 space battleships are commanded by an admiral two grades above a fleet admiral.
Then 256 space battleships are commanded by an admiral three grades above a fleet admiral.
Then 512 space battleships are commanded by an admiral four grades above a fleet admiral.
Then 1,024 space battleships are commanded by an admiral five grades above a fleet admiral.
Then 2,048 space battleships are commanded by an admiral six grades above a fleet admiral.
Then 4,096 space battleships are commanded by an admiral seven grades above a fleet admiral.
Then 8,192 space battleships are commanded by an admiral eight grades above a fleet admiral.
Then 32,768 space battleships are commanded by an admiral nine grades above a fleet admiral.
Then 65,536 space battleships are commanded by an admiral ten grades above a fleet admiral.
Then 131,072 space battleships are commanded by an admiral eleven grades above a fleet admiral.
Then 262,144 space battleships are commanded by an admiral twelve grades above a fleet admiral.
Then 524,288 space battleships are commanded by an admiral thirteen grades above a fleet admiral.
Then 1,048,579 space battleships are commanded by an admiral fourteen grades above a fleet admiral.
And to compromise, it seems reasonable that in a space fleet each unit might contain five units on the next lower level.
Then 5 space battleships are commanded by a commodore or a rear admiral lower half.
Then 25 space battleships are commanded by a rear admiral.
Then 125 space battleships are commanded by a vice admiral.
Then 625 space battleships are commanded by an admiral.
Then 3,125 space battleships are commanded by a fleet admiral.
Then 15,625 space battleships are commanded by an admiral one grade above a fleet admiral.
Then 78,125 space battleships are commanded by an admiral two grades above a fleet admiral.
Then 390,625 space battleships are commanded by an admiral three grades above a fleet admiral.
Then 1,953,125 space battleships are commanded by an admiral four grades above a fleet admiral.
Then 9,765,625 space battleships are commanded by an admiral five grades above a fleet admiral.
Then 48,828,125 space battleships are commanded by an admiral six grades above a fleet admiral.
Thus it is easy to picture that a fleet of 600 space warships in "Sacrifice of Angels" could easily have been commanded by an officer with the rank of vice admiral to fleet admiral, and quite possibly higher.
So in order to make it plausible for Sisko to command 600 space warships in "Sacrifice of Angels" the writers should have had him promoted to some permanent admiral rank earlier in the series, and then have him given a temporary wartime rank several ranks higher - though still lower than his boss Admiral Ross - and have him command the vast fleet of 600 space warships in that temporary wartime rank. A promotion to commodore, rear admiral lower half, or rear admiral could have been justified by exposing Martok as a changeling. Then if Sisko's boss Admiral Ross was, say, a seven pip admiral, he might have found that his assistant Sisko was very competent and given him a temporary field promotion to maybe a five pip or six pip admiral and put him in command of the fleet headed for DS9 and the wormhole.
In the Lensman series by E.E. Smith the rival powers Civilization and Boskone each rule most of a galaxy and millions of civilized and industrialized planets, each industrialized planet capable of building and crewing a few space battleships in a few months. Thus in the main space battles each fleet has millions of space battleships.
Thus I suspect that in the space fleets of Civilization and Boskone there are several times as many admiral ranks as ranks of lower officer's, and that an officer who reaches the top rank in their navies spends far more time in the admiral ranks than he spends in the lower officer's ranks.