Bottom line: The Maquis felt betrayed by the Federation, and they would never have agreed to wear Starfleet uniforms or abide by Starfleet regulations, even if they needed the ship to get home.
Yes, the Maquis felt betrayed by the Federation but they were also very loyal to Chakotay. He sacrificed their ship because he believed it was the morally correct thing to do. He would not have tried to take Janeway's ship unless she gave him a good reason. After all, as a former Starfleet office he knew the rules she was working under.
And I'm not saying they would have tried to take the ship. I'm just saying that the way the show portrayed their relationship -- the Maquis always making concessions to the Starfleeters, the Starfleeters never making concessions to the Maquis -- was unrealistic.
Sure, some of the Maquis had trouble adjusting to Starfleet and that as addressed in "Learning Curve" but the Federation was still their home even if they felt betrayed by it.
No, it wasn't. That's the
point of the Maquis. The Federation was
no longer their home. They had all
rejected the Federation. They were
separatists. The Federation was no more still their home than Britain was still the Minutemen's country.
Again, whether or not the Maquis were right in rebelling and declaring independence is irrelevant. The point is that all Maquis, everywhere, felt fundamentally alienated from and betrayed by the UFP, and that therefore Chakotay and the crew of his ship would never, if the show was being written realistically, have consented to wear Starfleet uniforms and operate as provisional Starfleet officers.
I'm not saying they would have tried to take the ship, or that they would have been at the Starfleeters' throats. But by the same token, they would not have submitted to Starfleet rule. The
Voyager crew needed the
Val Jean crew just as badly as the
Val Jean crew needed the
Voyager crew.
Eddington was a leader who grew to further prominence once the Cardassians got weaker and organized them with his delusional ideals, and I doubt they all felt the way he did.
Of course they did. He outlined their fundamental reason for leaving the Federation.
He was just the most boisterous of them with his irrational hatred of the Feds.
He wasn't irrational. Whether you think he was
right doesn't mean he wasn't irrational. This was a guy who'd been in Starfleet, who'd seen how Federation politics operated. And in his view, the UFP had a government that was willing to sell out its own people in the hopes of eventually assimilating hostile foreign states into the UFP. Given the Federation's stated goal of continual exploration and expansion, I don't think it's unreasonable to extrapolate from that a Federation desire to assimilate foreign states into the UFP -- or to extrapolate from that behavior the idea that the Federation would therefore be furious if anyone decided to leave paradise.
Yes, the DMZ area was always contested. Nechayev said so in "Journey's End", which would apply to all the DMZ worlds and not just Dorvan V. Likely the colonists were just a bunch of wannabe frontier adventurist types who didn't think the consequences of their actions through.
The fact that the Cardassians contested some of the worlds does not mean that they were not Federation worlds under Federation law and Federation control when those worlds were settled. If the Cardassians simultaneously laid claim to, say, Frendak II, but the Federation assured its citizens that Frendak II was Federation territory and that they could settle there, does that make it okay for the Federation to turn around, change its mind, and hand it over afterwords?
I don't know. You could argue persuasively either way. But whatever your stance might be on that issue, that doesn't change the fact that those settlers would feel very fundamentally betrayed.
And the worlds weren't "handed over", they and several Cardassian worlds were used to make a buffer zone. It didn't make them Cardassian territory, it made them Fed worlds not patrolled by Starfleet just like their Cardassian counterparts were the same without their military protecting them.
You are confusing the Demilitarized Zone with planetary ownership and fundamentally mis-remembering the events of several episodes.
This is how it went down, from
Memory Alpha:
Background
The roots of the Maquis insurrection can be traced back to the 2350s during the Cardassian wars. The Federation and the Cardassians settled a large number of Class M planets in close proximity to each other, and the issue of ownership of these colonies – as well as their security – became the causes of war. Although the Federation relinquished claims to all planets occupied by Cardassian colonies, the Cardassians sought to annex several crucial worlds along the border, including Minos Korva and Setlik III. (TNG: "The Wounded", "Chain of Command, Part I")
Despite the risks of settling on worlds close to the Cardassian border, many Federation citizens, especially Humans, chose to settle on the fertile worlds in the region. Colonies including Volan II, Volan III, Soltok IV, Umoth VII, and others became thriving outposts of Federation civilization, but also became targets for the Cardassian military.
By the mid-2360s, the wars had settled into an effective stalemate, with neither side gaining advantage in terms of firepower or territory. Finally, in 2367 a truce was established that enforced an end to active hostilities but left many of the major questions of the conflict unresolved.
[edit] Seeds of Resistance
It took another three years for a final peace treaty to be negotiated, and although the questions of territory were finally settled, neither side was entirely happy with the solution. The Treaty of 2370 established a new Demilitarized Zone (also known as the DMZ), from which all large warships belonging to either side were excluded.
Much more controversial, however, was the exchange of colonies which was to take place. The treaty stipulated that each side would transfer ownership of certain worlds. The inhabitants of those worlds would be resettled elsewhere beforehand. Despite the vehement protests of many colony leaders, the Federation Council signed the treaty. Starfleet was given the task of evacuating the colonists from their homes and transporting them to other worlds.
In other words, to try to end the border wars, the Federation and Cardassian Union established the Demilitarized Zone (DMZ), an area of space from which military assets and arms would be prohibited. Simultaneously, they transferred ownership of a number of different planets to one-another. Some of the worlds the Federation transferred to the Cardassian Union had Federation colonists on them who refused to leave their homes.
And besides, the Maquis on VOY weren't all DMZ colonists anyways. Some were just mercenaries in it for money and not ideals,
Which means they'd be even
less likely to adopt Starfleet/UFP ideals, since it wasn't like they were fighting for any higher cause in the first place.
and Chakotay himself was ex-fleet. He wasn't even a traitor like Eddington, he officially resigned and THEN joined the Maquis. And he didn't steal from Starfleet or use illegal information or anything. He had no deep hatred of the Feds, he'd be one of the first to realize they had to cooperate.
I'm not even saying that every Maquis would
hate the Federation. But every last one of them would by definition feel betrayed and alienated from them. I'm sure there were plenty of American Revolutionaries who didn't
hate the Kingdom of Great Britain -- but they were never going to go back to saluting the Union Jack, either.