If we assume Nero only had civilian mining tech available when traveling to the 23rd century, a purpose-built jammer that effective might be a bit unlikely. OTOH, he did have more than two decades to come up with one, and his huge ship would probably have been stocked full of useful 24th century spare parts (heck, its hangars apparently contain several not-so-small starships!)
However, I'm inclined to think that the drill is simply a "polluting" technology, and the jamming effect is a side effect a corresponding UFP drill would have suppressed somehow. A cheap-o Romulan mining enterprise wouldn't care, though.
Supposedly, Starfleet ships could slag entire continents with their beam weapons all the way back to "The Cage" at least; ENT suggests the ability emerged much earlier. Nero's drill probably wouldn't be a radical technological breakthrough, even if it were a bit more powerful or practical than corresponding 2250s UFP hardware.
Timo Saloniemi