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Political systems in Star Trek

I'd be grateful if we could do without the passive-aggressive use of smilies. It's one of my personal pet peeves but I believe it isn't conducive to a constructive debate. This thread already descended into a very personal back-and-forth once. I'd prefer it not to do so again. Just a thought.
 
The problem with that is that Star Trek IV directly establishes that Federation Starfleet starships are "Federation property." Not, "United Earth property attached to Federation service." "Federation property."

Federation Starfleet, Federation starships, Federation property. Not Earth.
in this instance the Federation President lists the charges against Kirk. Chances of him lying are zero.
Okay, let's do a rewind and try this.

Earth is mentioned as the Enterprise's control, their source of authority, in several episodes during TOS. In the last episode of the second season we get this exchange;

Gary Seven
: "We're aboard a space vessel. From what planet?"
Captain Kirk: "Earth."

In the third season the Federation get the most number of references of any season, and even there it clearly the controlling authority in less than half the episodes. During the entire TOS series, in some episodes Kirk refers to the Enterprise as a "Federation Starship," and in others it is a "United Earth Ship."

Now you can void out entire blocks of dialog through retcon, or with the philosophy of TPTB hadn't figured everything out yet (true). What I am trying to do is figure out how to make as much as possible fit, with the existing evidence.

What I see is this, on some missions the Enterprise isn't "working" for the Federation, they're on missions directly for Earth. On other missions it clear that they are "working" for the Federation. Federation Starship, Federation orders.

The best way I can understand this, is that Kirk and the Enterprise are not consistently working for the same organization. And that United Earth is basically loaning the Enterprise and it's crew to the Federation for either certain missions, or for prearranged blocks of time.

Now add to this that Kirk clearly refers to the United Federation of Planets, in the episode Spectre of the Gun, as a "Alliance."

Now, while the Enterprise is on a mission for the Federation, as it clearly was in The Undiscovered Country, was it considered "Federation Property?" Okay, why not? I mean it isn't how we would do it today, but we're not talking about today. Perhaps it a legal technicality, maybe it makes a difference that the ship was on a diplomatic mission, as opposed to a exploration or a defense mission.

When Kirk was on mission directly for Earth (let's use Arena), the Enterprise probably wasn't "Federation Property" at that time.

The Federation is most likely a composite of the traditions, legal structures, and organizational management ideas from it's various planetary member species histories. So while 21st century Human wouldn't refer to a UK warship as "NATO property," that might be exactly what the Andorians, Vulcans and Tellarites would do on their own worlds, in a similar situation, at a similar time in history.

.
 
The problem with that is that Star Trek IV directly establishes that Federation Starfleet starships are "Federation property." Not, "United Earth property attached to Federation service." "Federation property."

Federation Starfleet, Federation starships, Federation property. Not Earth.
in this instance the Federation President lists the charges against Kirk. Chances of him lying are zero.

Okay, let's do a rewind and try this.

Earth is mentioned as the Enterprise's control, their source of authority, in several episodes during TOS. In the last episode of the second season we get this exchange;

Gary Seven
: "We're aboard a space vessel. From what planet?"
Captain Kirk: "Earth."

A nice simplification that's technically accurate, but doesn't tell the whole story. And why would it? It's not like Kirk has any reason to trust Gary Seven.

In the third season the Federation get the most number of references of any season, and even there it clearly the controlling authority in less than half the episodes.
In what third season episodes is the Federation not the Enterprise's controlling authority?

During the entire TOS series, in some episodes Kirk refers to the Enterprise as a "Federation Starship," and in others it is a "United Earth Ship."
The Enterprise is only ever referred to as a United Earth ship in episodes produced before "Arena" introduced the Federation.

Now you can void out entire blocks of dialog through retcon, or with the philosophy of TPTB hadn't figured everything out yet (true). What I am trying to do is figure out how to make as much as possible fit, with the existing evidence.
The problem with trying to shoe-horn in references to the 1701 being a United Earth ship is that it contradicts both the vast preponderance of evidence from later TOS, the TOS films, TNG, DS9, the TNG films, and VOY; and that it violates the writers' clear artistic intent. They may not have invented the word "retcon" back then, but it was clearly their intention that we ignore references to the Enterprise being a United Earth vessel and assume it's a Federation vessel -- the same way it was their clear intent that we ignore the "James R. Kirk" tombstone in "Where No Man Has Gone Before" and assume that Kirk's middle initial has always been "T;" or that we were supposed to ignore the reference to the "time barrier" having recently been broken in "The Cage" and assume that warp drive had existed since the 21st Century and that starships didn't normally engage in time travel.

And all in the name of accommodating a handful of references from early episodes. There's simply no reason not to accept their retcon for what it was, and certainly no reason to contradict vast numbers of references from TNG, DS9, and VOY in the name of accommodating a handful of lines from early TOS.

What I see is this, on some missions the Enterprise isn't "working" for the Federation, they're on missions directly for Earth. On other missions it clear that they are "working" for the Federation. Federation Starship, Federation orders.
Well, let me put it this way: You could try to justify those early lines without contradicting later episodes by assuming that the Enterprise is a Federation vessel that had been "contracted out" to the United Earth Space Probe Agency for the duration of a given mission; Kirk, being loathe to give too much information to potential adversaries, might refer to the Enterprise as working for the "UESPA client" rather than the Federation, for the sake of a certain amount of disinformation. But that's as far as you can push it without contradicting most of the later canon. It's far simpler just to mentally substitute "Federation" when you hear "Earth" in those early episodes.

The best way I can understand this, is that Kirk and the Enterprise are not consistently working for the same organization. And that United Earth is basically loaning the Enterprise and it's crew to the Federation for either certain missions, or for prearranged blocks of time.
Again, the problem is that the preponderance of evidence indicates the exact opposite: That the Enterprise is a Federation starship. You might try to justify those early "United Earth" references by assuming the Federation loaned it to United Earth, but there's just no way to justify the idea that it's actually a United Earth ship in light of everything that came after "Arena" was written.

Now add to this that Kirk clearly refers to the United Federation of Planets, in the episode Spectre of the Gun, as a "Alliance."
An idea later contradicted by numerous episodes and films that gave the Federation all of the characteristics of a sovereign state.

Now, while the Enterprise is on a mission for the Federation, as it clearly was in The Undiscovered Country, was it considered "Federation Property?" Okay, why not? I mean it isn't how we would do it today, but we're not talking about today. Perhaps it a legal technicality, maybe it makes a difference that the ship was on a diplomatic mission, as opposed to a exploration or a defense mission.

When Kirk was on mission directly for Earth (let's use Arena), the Enterprise probably wasn't "Federation Property" at that time.
The problem with this is that Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home -- not VI -- established explicitly that the Enterprise was Federation property -- when it was not undergoing any mission whatsoever. It was sitting in Spacedock waiting to be retired when Kirk hijacked it. So it can't have achieved a temporary status of "Federation starship" as a result of doing a "Federation mission" -- it wasn't on any mission whatsoever. By your logic, it should have been called a United Earth ship -- but it was not. It was Federation property.

Federation statehood. Federation Starfleet. Federation starship. Federation property.
 
The problem with trying to shoe-horn in references to the 1701 being a United Earth ship is that it contradicts both the vast preponderance of evidence from later TOS, the TOS films, TNG, DS9, the TNG films, and VOY; and that it violates the writers' clear artistic intent. They may not have invented the word "retcon" back then, but it was clearly their intention that we ignore references to the Enterprise being a United Earth vessel and assume it's a Federation vessel -- the same way it was their clear intent that we ignore the "James R. Kirk" tombstone in "Where No Man Has Gone Before" and assume that Kirk's middle initial has always been "T;" or that we were supposed to ignore the reference to the "time barrier" having recently been broken in "The Cage" and assume that warp drive had existed since the 21st Century and that starships didn't normally engage in time travel.

And all in the name of accommodating a handful of references from early episodes. There's simply no reason not to accept their retcon for what it was, and certainly no reason to contradict vast numbers of references from TNG, DS9, and VOY in the name of accommodating a handful of lines from early TOS.
But the point is not to accommodate a few, scattered lines from early TOS episodes against the overwhelming majority of references from TNG, DS9, VOY, and even TOS itself. The point is "proving" that the Federation works in a very specific political landscape, one that favours "states' rights", private property, money exchange, capitalistic ventures, aggressive foreign policy, and individualism over community. The argument presented is purely political in purpose, not about historicity or "canonicity". It's partisan apologia dressed in science-fiction claptraps. It's turning Star Trek into Starship Troopers.

The Federation is described in such vague, even contradictory terms that you can read it in very different ways. But a few go overboard with it and are ready to set aside 90% of evidences to save the 10% that supports their political views, and willing to conjure hilariously complicated scenarios to justify it.
 
If all of these starships are human the hundreds of other Federation members do a pretty lousy job of defending the UFP.
While we might debate the actual extent of centralization claiming that the Federation is some kind of umbrella for several individual fleets is pretty far-fetched.

http://images.wikia.com/memoryalpha...n_fleet_prepares_to_engage_Dominion_fleet.jpg

horatio83 - hotlinked images are not permitted at TrekBBS. In the future, please host the images from your own site, or use an image hosting site such as photobucket or imageshack.
 
Gary Seven: "We're aboard a space vessel. From what planet?"
Captain Kirk: "Earth."

It may simply be that Enterprise was built at Earth.

Alternatively, a member world that built the ship could still "own" it, pay for expenses of keeping it up and running, and as such, it would be world's property, but it would be part of Federation command structure.
 
Gary Seven: "We're aboard a space vessel. From what planet?"
Captain Kirk: "Earth."
It may simply be that Enterprise was built at Earth.

Alternatively, a member world that built the ship could still "own" it, pay for expenses of keeping it up and running, and as such, it would be world's property, but it would be part of Federation command structure.

Again, the problem with that is that Star Trek IV explicitly established that Starfleet starships are Federation property.
 
In what third season episodes is the Federation not the Enterprise's controlling authority?
We can start with Spectre Of The Gun, where the Federation is specifically referred to as a "Alliance."

Then there is The Paradise Syndrome, Spock's Brain, The Empath, For The World Is Hollow, Plato's Stepchildren, That Which Survives, All Our Yesterdays and Turnabout Intruder.

In these episodes either there is no authority given, or the only authority is "Starfleet." And incidentally, it's never called the Federation Starfleet.

The Enterprise is only ever referred to as a United Earth ship in episodes produced before "Arena" introduced the Federation.
The Federation was introduce in A Taste of Armageddon, Arena introduced us to the "Earth observation outpost on Cestus Three." A Taste of Armageddon established that a half century after the Federation came into existence, the USS Valiant's mission was a Earth expedition.

And in the last episode of the second season, Kirk said the Enterprise was from Earth, he did not say "... planets actually, the Federation."

It's far simpler just to mentally substitute "Federation" when you hear "Earth" in those early episodes.
Wouldn't it be even simpler still to substitute "Starfleet" for "Federation," during Kirk's court scene in TVH, then you're only doing it twice in a single scene. See how much easier that would be.

Kirk stole and destroyed Starfleet property ... better.

Out-universe, there is the fact that the writers have occasionally confused/combined the Federation and Starfleet into one whole. "The Federation is a peacekeeping and humanitarian armada," is one example.

Kirk, being loathe to give too much information to potential adversaries, might refer to the Enterprise as working for the "UESPA client" rather than the Federation
The twentieth century pilot, Captain Christopher, was a potential adversary?

An idea later contradicted by numerous episodes and films that gave the Federation all of the characteristics of a sovereign state.
Yet in over seven hundred hours of Star Trek, somehow the Federation is never once directly referred to as a "sovereign state." But on one occasion it is directly called an alliance.

and that starships didn't normally engage in time travel.
Yes they do.

contradicts both the vast preponderance of evidence from later ...
The vast majority of episodes do not bring it up Federation governance, one way or the other. Most episodes speak of the Federation as a place, or an ideal. When Janeway speaks of "getting back to the Federation," do you somehow think she is referring to a government? She talking about a place. Many of the times Picard speaks of the Federation, it's obvious he's means a collection of concepts and ideals. Sisko and other fought during the Dominion War to protect the Federation as a "container." It held their families and home worlds.

Now, while the Enterprise is on a mission for the Federation, as it clearly was in The Undiscovered Country, was it considered "Federation Property?" Okay, why not?
The problem with this is that Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home ...
I was actual referring to a different movie there, in a hypothetical situation.

And all in the name of accommodating a handful of references from early episodes.
Sci, do you realize just how few references you hang your Federation is a sovereign state hypothesis on? One reference in TVH, one in Homefront and a small number of others spread thinly through the various series.

and certainly no reason to contradict vast numbers of references from TNG, DS9, and VOY
I was going through season one of Next Generation recently, let's see how often the United Federation of Planets is specifically spoken of as a "sovereign state."

In Encounter At Farpoint, Starfleet was the only authority mention. When Q told the Captain of the Flagship of the Federation to go home, it was very obvious Q meant back to Earth, and not "back to the Federation."

Q: Thou art directed to return to thine own solar system immediately.
Picard: Our only other option is to tuck tail between our legs and return to Earth as they demand.

Picard receives his orders and directions from Starfleet. In Code of Honour medicine is require on "Federation planet Styris Four." But Captain Picard refers to his ship as the Starfleet vessel Enterprise.

The Last Outpost, Picard demands the Ferengi to return the stolen energy converter "in the name of the United Federation of Planets," but the converter is never referred to as Federation property, nor Gamma Tauri Four as a Federation planet. They could have been chasing it down out of treaty obligations, like in Haven when they intercepted the plague ship.

Hide & Q has a Federation colony, but episodes before and after have Earth colonies. The Enterprise in Justice had just set up a Earth colony, Earth had been a member of the Federation for two centuries at this point, if the Federation in a sovereign federal state, shouldn't all the colonies be "Federation" colonies. Strnad (in Haven) wasn't a Federation colony of Humans, it was a "Earth" colony.

Angel One does have a Federation freighter, which is named for a Norse god, and has a Human captain. Again, Starfleet is the Enterprise's spoken of authority, and it is Starfleet that wishes Angel One to one day become part of the Federation.

Too Short A Season has a Federation Ambassador (Hawkins). But we've seen where member world's ambassadors are occasionally employed as Federation ambassadors (Sarek).

Home Soil, the Enterprise is asked by the Federation to visit a group of terraformers. The Federation would not have to be a sovereign state to have a Terraform Command, but could instead be a interstellar organization. The Federation did determine the lifelessness of the planet.

Heart Of Glory mentions a alliance, presumably with the Federation, but not by name.

Symbiosis, Picard speaks of the rules of the United Federation of Planets and the Prime Directive. But then goes on to say "when mankind interferes," not when the Federation interferes.

Conspiracy, out of the over 150 species in the Federation, when three Starfleet admirals are shown on Earth, two are human.

The Neutral Zone does refer to two Federation outposts and more than one Federation starbase. However, there are alliances that do have common miltary bases, like the NATO bases located in Afghanistan, there are many NATO outposts in that country as well. Picard also conjectures that the Romulans want to test themselves against a Federation starship

So while there are references to a Federation, the United Federation of Planets as a authority body is almost surprisingly rarely mentioned. And is not once specifically referred to as a sovereign state.

Going to do season two next.

Captain Kirk: "Earth."
it would be world's property, but it would be part of Federation command structure.
Again, the problem with that is that Star Trek IV explicitly established that Starfleet starships are Federation property.
And the problem with that is that there are multiple other references that establish that what you are referring to isn't the whole story. You have presented a single statement by a single character, but there are other statements by other characters.

Mendez: But it does name the only Earth ship that ever visited the planet.
Kirk: The Enterprise, commanded by Captain Christopher Pike.

Not a Federation ship.

The point is "proving" that the Federation works in a very specific political landscape, one that favours
"states' rights" ... Vulcans certainly seem to be running their own show.

private property ... Captains Picard and Sisko both had family members with private property.

money exchange ... Jake Sisko ran a business venture with Nog that netted them five strips of Lathuim.

capitalistic ventures ... The Solion wave's inventor (iirc) was delevoping it as a commercial prduct.

aggressive foreign policy
... The Federation appears expansionistic.

individualism over community ... This one is a tougher, a clear example doesn't immediately come to mind.

It's turning Star Trek into Starship Troopers ... I don't know, you read some threads and posts here that argue a pro-fascism Federation, especially in the 24th century. But I feel the show just doesn't back this position up on close examination.

:)
 
The point is "proving" that the Federation works in a very specific political landscape, one that favours
"states' rights" ... Vulcans certainly seem to be running their own show.

private property ... Captains Picard and Sisko both had family members with private property.

money exchange ... Jake Sisko ran a business venture with Nog that netted them five strips of Lathuim.

capitalistic ventures ... The Solion wave's inventor (iirc) was delevoping it as a commercial prduct.

aggressive foreign policy
... The Federation appears expansionistic.

individualism over community ... This one is a tougher, a clear example doesn't immediately come to mind.
And you'll find as many (actually, way more) examples of the Federation doing exactly the opposite, because it was never written in a very consistent manner. But I don't see you admitting it here. Political agenda trumps all.

It's turning Star Trek into Starship Troopers ... I don't know, you read some threads and posts here that argue a pro-fascism Federation, especially in the 24th century. But I feel the show just doesn't back this position up on close examination.

:)
So anyone who disagree with your libertarian reading of the Federation is a fascist? Aw, aren't you cute with the smiles and the veiled insults?
 
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Gary Seven: "We're aboard a space vessel. From what planet?"
Captain Kirk: "Earth."

It may simply be that Enterprise was built at Earth.

Or that Kirk was simply dumbing it down for Gary Seven's benefit. Kirk was speaking to a human he didn't recognize, and didn't know how much information to give him, so Kirk (not knowing Seven's true nature) omitted all mention of the Federation.
 
so Kirk (not knowing Seven's true nature) omitted all mention of the Federation.
But Kirk never seem to hedge before (or after) in identifying himself, his ship and his "point of origin."

It's turning Star Trek into Starship Troopers
So anyone who disagree with your libertarian reading of the Federation is a fascist?
Where are you getting this? You're the one iguana tonante who brought up Starship Troopers, you referred to Star Trek turning into Starship Troopers. I take it that you were referring to the movie (and not the novel). Many people (including myself) feel that the government depicted in that movie was a fascist one.

Anyone who disagrees with me is perfectly free to do so without any automatic assumption of being either a fascist, or anything else. However what I said was true, there are people on this BBS who see the Federation government as fascism, that doesn't make those posters themselves fascists. You can also find other who see communism in some of the descriptions of the Star Trek universe, that doesn't mean that those board members are communists.

Do I see the entire Federation as libertarian? Not really, I do reject the idea that the entire membership of the Federation has the same basic governing system. Realistically, the various Federation members would practice everything from oppressive central planning, all the way through near-anarchy libertarianism. With (depending on the time period) over 150 members and potentially 1000's of colonies, the planetary government types are likely from the far left, to the far right.

Is this all based on one line by Kirk in a single episode about an alliance, no. But that was part of the spark of the idea. Then there is Ardana, which had a local government (oligarchy?) that didn't want Federation interference, suggesting that agreeing to be subordinate to a central government wasn't a prerequisite for their membership. There was a planet in TNG that was applying for (iirc) associate membership, implying degrees of membership. Journey to Babel clearly showed that if there were a central Federation government, it was pretty damn weak. DS9 told of a member worlds having a foreign embassy on it's soil.

Look, no one of these things says (alliance, confederacy, treaty organization, homeowners association, etc) all by itself, but they are chinks in the armor of the Federation being the type of "sovereign state" that we know of today.

The Federation's structure instead would be both unique, and (with new members) every changing.

But I don't see you admitting it here.
Because the show was never about the Federation's governace, the bits and pieces we have don't always line up, but they are all canon, they can be assembled into some kind of whole. Like a jigsaw puzzle.

Aw, aren't you cute ...
You really think so?

:)
 
Oh, yea...Starship Troopers's government was, indeed, fascist. I was rooting for the insects in that film....I'd bet the bug war was started by humans in the first place.

Anyhow, whatever government the Federation has, it's a hell of a lot better than what we got, now. I'd trade it in, without hesitation. Just needs to get rid of that stupid ass Prime Directive, the only real fascism I see in the Federation/Starfleet.
 
Oh, yea...Starship Troopers's government was, indeed, fascist. I was rooting for the insects in that film....I'd bet the bug war was started by humans in the first place.

Perhaps, but given what happened at Port Joe Smith, I can see WHY humans might have started it. :shrug:
 
Oh, yea...Starship Troopers's government was, indeed, fascist. I was rooting for the insects in that film....I'd bet the bug war was started by humans in the first place.

Perhaps, but given what happened at Port Joe Smith, I can see WHY humans might have started it. :shrug:

What I mean is the humans probably did the first blow....like the Federation did to the Gorn in "Arena". I feel the insects were merely trying to protect themselves. And given all the cheesy propaganda news and programs seen in Troopers, it makes it feel more so that was the case that happened, man struck the first blow, and trying to get everyone else think the opposite.
 
In what third season episodes is the Federation not the Enterprise's controlling authority?
We can start with Spectre Of The Gun, where the Federation is specifically referred to as a "Alliance."

Then there is The Paradise Syndrome, Spock's Brain, The Empath, For The World Is Hollow, Plato's Stepchildren, That Which Survives, All Our Yesterdays and Turnabout Intruder.

In these episodes either there is no authority given, or the only authority is "Starfleet." And incidentally, it's never called the Federation Starfleet.

The Enterprise is only ever referred to as a United Earth ship in episodes produced before "Arena" introduced the Federation.
The Federation was introduce in A Taste of Armageddon, Arena introduced us to the "Earth observation outpost on Cestus Three." A Taste of Armageddon established that a half century after the Federation came into existence, the USS Valiant's mission was a Earth expedition.

And in the last episode of the second season, Kirk said the Enterprise was from Earth, he did not say "... planets actually, the Federation."

Wouldn't it be even simpler still to substitute "Starfleet" for "Federation," during Kirk's court scene in TVH, then you're only doing it twice in a single scene. See how much easier that would be.

Kirk stole and destroyed Starfleet property ... better.

Out-universe, there is the fact that the writers have occasionally confused/combined the Federation and Starfleet into one whole. "The Federation is a peacekeeping and humanitarian armada," is one example.

The twentieth century pilot, Captain Christopher, was a potential adversary?

Yet in over seven hundred hours of Star Trek, somehow the Federation is never once directly referred to as a "sovereign state." But on one occasion it is directly called an alliance.

Yes they do.

The vast majority of episodes do not bring it up Federation governance, one way or the other. Most episodes speak of the Federation as a place, or an ideal. When Janeway speaks of "getting back to the Federation," do you somehow think she is referring to a government? She talking about a place. Many of the times Picard speaks of the Federation, it's obvious he's means a collection of concepts and ideals. Sisko and other fought during the Dominion War to protect the Federation as a "container." It held their families and home worlds.

I was actual referring to a different movie there, in a hypothetical situation.

Sci, do you realize just how few references you hang your Federation is a sovereign state hypothesis on? One reference in TVH, one in Homefront and a small number of others spread thinly through the various series.

I was going through season one of Next Generation recently, let's see how often the United Federation of Planets is specifically spoken of as a "sovereign state."

In Encounter At Farpoint, Starfleet was the only authority mention. When Q told the Captain of the Flagship of the Federation to go home, it was very obvious Q meant back to Earth, and not "back to the Federation."

Q: Thou art directed to return to thine own solar system immediately.
Picard: Our only other option is to tuck tail between our legs and return to Earth as they demand.

Picard receives his orders and directions from Starfleet. In Code of Honour medicine is require on "Federation planet Styris Four." But Captain Picard refers to his ship as the Starfleet vessel Enterprise.

The Last Outpost, Picard demands the Ferengi to return the stolen energy converter "in the name of the United Federation of Planets," but the converter is never referred to as Federation property, nor Gamma Tauri Four as a Federation planet. They could have been chasing it down out of treaty obligations, like in Haven when they intercepted the plague ship.

Hide & Q has a Federation colony, but episodes before and after have Earth colonies. The Enterprise in Justice had just set up a Earth colony, Earth had been a member of the Federation for two centuries at this point, if the Federation in a sovereign federal state, shouldn't all the colonies be "Federation" colonies. Strnad (in Haven) wasn't a Federation colony of Humans, it was a "Earth" colony.

Angel One does have a Federation freighter, which is named for a Norse god, and has a Human captain. Again, Starfleet is the Enterprise's spoken of authority, and it is Starfleet that wishes Angel One to one day become part of the Federation.

Too Short A Season has a Federation Ambassador (Hawkins). But we've seen where member world's ambassadors are occasionally employed as Federation ambassadors (Sarek).

Home Soil, the Enterprise is asked by the Federation to visit a group of terraformers. The Federation would not have to be a sovereign state to have a Terraform Command, but could instead be a interstellar organization. The Federation did determine the lifelessness of the planet.

Heart Of Glory mentions a alliance, presumably with the Federation, but not by name.

Symbiosis, Picard speaks of the rules of the United Federation of Planets and the Prime Directive. But then goes on to say "when mankind interferes," not when the Federation interferes.

Conspiracy, out of the over 150 species in the Federation, when three Starfleet admirals are shown on Earth, two are human.

The Neutral Zone does refer to two Federation outposts and more than one Federation starbase. However, there are alliances that do have common miltary bases, like the NATO bases located in Afghanistan, there are many NATO outposts in that country as well. Picard also conjectures that the Romulans want to test themselves against a Federation starship

So while there are references to a Federation, the United Federation of Planets as a authority body is almost surprisingly rarely mentioned. And is not once specifically referred to as a sovereign state.

Going to do season two next.

Again, the problem with that is that Star Trek IV explicitly established that Starfleet starships are Federation property.
And the problem with that is that there are multiple other references that establish that what you are referring to isn't the whole story. You have presented a single statement by a single character, but there are other statements by other characters.

Mendez: But it does name the only Earth ship that ever visited the planet.
Kirk: The Enterprise, commanded by Captain Christopher Pike.

Not a Federation ship.

The point is "proving" that the Federation works in a very specific political landscape, one that favours
"states' rights" ... Vulcans certainly seem to be running their own show.

private property ... Captains Picard and Sisko both had family members with private property.

money exchange ... Jake Sisko ran a business venture with Nog that netted them five strips of Lathuim.

capitalistic ventures ... The Solion wave's inventor (iirc) was delevoping it as a commercial prduct.

aggressive foreign policy ... The Federation appears expansionistic.

individualism over community ... This one is a tougher, a clear example doesn't immediately come to mind.

It's turning Star Trek into Starship Troopers ... I don't know, you read some threads and posts here that argue a pro-fascism Federation, especially in the 24th century. But I feel the show just doesn't back this position up on close examination.

:)
How can the Federation be a mere alliance, a mere container if one of its most important executive agencies, Starfleet, features a military hierarchy and rules that hold for everybody like the Prime Directive?
And no, the NATO does not have something that even remotely resembles a centralized, binding rule like the Prime Directive.

The Federation does not conduct an aggressive foreign policy, this is simply factually wrong. It defends itself against aggressors but it does not subjugate alien species and force them to do their bidding, if new folks join the club they do it because they agree with Federation rules. One could call the UFP a soft power that attracts new members because of the advantages of trade, centralized rules and a general united-we-are-stronger logic. It is the same as United Earth, just on a larger scale.
 
... and rules that hold for everybody like the Prime Directive?
It doesn't exactly hold for everyone, even if it is supposed to. It not clear if it applies to civilians at all (the guys from that lifeboat that landed on Angel One), or even to civilians on Federation missions ( John Gill, Worf's brother). From the episode Pen Pals, a group of Starfleet officers disagree as to exactly what the Prime Directive means.

According to Kathryn Janeway, obeying the Prime Directive is "an option."

And no, the NATO does not have something that even remotely resembles a centralized, binding rule like the Prime Directive.
The closest thing today to the "Prime Directive" would likely be a UN Security Council Resolution, under Article 25 of the UN Charter, UN member states are bound to carry out decisions of the Security Council in accordance with the UN Charter. Article 25, chapter 7, resolutions are considered binding (while chapter 6 are voluntary). The United Nations is an international organization, not a sovereign state.

Now not that every UN member falls all over themselves to obey the various resolutions, but then the UN members are sovereign states.

aggressive foreign policy ... The Federation appears expansionistic.
The Federation does not conduct an aggressive foreign policy, this is simply factually wrong. .
The Federation is aggressively expansionistic, and has fought multiple territorial wars to maintain it's size, Starfleet fought two boarder wars with the Tzenkethi. It was the Federation's attempt to expand and colonize beyond it's established borders that brought them into conflict with the Cardassians (also expansionistic), and created the Maquis.

It was the Federation's attempt to establish a mining settlement (and facilitate a Bajorian colony) in the Gamma Quadrant that begun the series of events that resulted in the Dominion War.

Kirk: You're the ones who issued the ultimatum to withdraw from the disputed areas," Errand of Mercy's near war was partially over possession of disputed territory.

Necheyev: "... and at that time they were warned that the planet was hotly disputed by the Cardassians." From Journey's End. The war the Federation fought against the Cardassians, one that apparently went on and off for decades, was partially over possession of disputed territory.

In two centuries, the Federation went from a handful of members to over one hundred and fifty. That reflects a policy of expansion.

PICARD: "Life on our world is driven to protect itself by seeding itself as widely as possible." From Justice. In Star Trek, especially during TNG, we heard of old colonies, new colonies being started, Member colonies, Federation colonies, also colonies being founded by private groups from within the Federation. This is how the Federation grows.

:)
 
I have never seen a Trek story in which the Federation took anything by force unless it was theirs in the first place. Border conflicts with the Klingons are natural and colonizing unclaimed territory is not a crime. The Feds are not a bunch of intergalactic hippies but they are neither an empire. The UFP grows like liberal democracy grows in our world, not via application of force but via being nearly universally attractive.

About the nature of the Federation, of course you are free to view it as very loose alliance just like you are free to view United Earth as a bunch of contemporary states who are members of a UN-like organization. It just has nothing to do with the Trek we saw on the screen. When sombody over here talks about the "United States of Europe" he obviously means a future Europe with less power for states and more power for Europe, something similar to the US. Same with United Earth or United Federation of Planets. Of course there is a strong federal structure, of course you cannot govern all the affairs of billions or trillions of people centrally.
But just like you have an US Army and not 50 state armies the Feds have Starfleet and not 150+ individual fleets.

Local issues are administrated locally whereas issues that concern everybody like defense, space exploration and basically all the stuff we see in Trek are administrated centrally.
 
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