Opinion, feel free to disagree:
For human females, it would be a longstanding custom, and so generally acceptable in more public-facing stations, but not for grunt work. For human males, it may be more an expression of personal sexuality - orientation - so inappropriate for the role of an officer in most stations. Gender is not really coded into duty; but if you want to talk about biological sexual homogeneity, talk to me when men start having babies. Until then it would seem apparent that each sex has its own characteristics, and these may affect other social areas such as who you'd want teaching kindergarten or babysitting your kids, or fighting in the foxhole beside you - someone prone to "pitching" or "catching", to be indelicate.
The fact that this poll asserts it must be the same for both sexes across the board is also a kind of value imposition; so some of us didn't have a vote. Men and women should be equal under the law, (and tolerant and enjoy equal opportunities, and respect others' personal sexual boundaries by erring publicly on the side of reservation, not unwanted impostion); yes, but that doesn't mean they must be androgynous. Look at the characters themselves - you see even in Star Trek's utopian pastiche of the future, that masculinity and femininity thrive among even the main cast. They are not at all interested in making personal value judgments about what goes on in people's privacy (unless it's Barclay or Geordi). So yes, while they have loosened the parochial attitudes toward secular hedonism in that fictional future, they don't want to go around hanging their junk out like the Edo. There is work to be done, and Starfleet comes first.
Now, if men wanted to wear a kilt, I would think that's fine, because it's a custom, not a fashion, and not sexual (except maybe for a bar crowd). Also, exceptions allowable for alien customs - within reason, and as long as it doesn't violate Starfleet custom or ethics, which are indeed based on the human jurisprudence they came from. Fair? Nope. But if one individual or planetary society doesn't like it, one is certainly free to walk away, too. (This is not the case with some societies even in this age of modern travel and global information access).
10 bathroom assignments is impractical. But we could all just have ONE fair bathroom. Is that better? I don't think so.... Notice how Star Trek can sometimes gloss over those issues that beleaguer actual society and economic inequality, in order to pick its fictional battles. We can't ascribe too much prognostication to it.
Again, just one opinion, welcome to disagree.
