We will be able to "cure" death with "magic blood" in real life long before we can build spaceships that warp space or make transporters. The blood thing is probably one of the most plausible things Trek has done.
And speaking of radiation, this might be of interest.
https://www.sciencenews.org/article/shots-brain-cells-restore-learning-memory-ratsFebruary 5, 2015
Stem cells can help heal long-term brain damage suffered by rats blasted with radiation, researchers report in the Feb. 5 Cell Stem Cell. The treatment allows the brain to rebuild the insulation on its nerve cells so they can start carrying messages again.
The researchers directed human stem cells to become a type of brain cell that is destroyed by radiation, a common cancer treatment, then grafted the cells into the brains of irradiated rats. Within a few months, the rats’ performance on learning and memory tests improved.
“This technique, translated to humans, could be a major step forward for the treatment of radiation-induced brain … injury,” says Jonathan Glass, a neurologist at Emory University in Atlanta.
Game. Set. Match.