I actually think that it is the most TNG-ish movie of the four as it follows the conventional pattern of "Picard vs. the evil Admiral" and I always like "me/we against our own organization" heroics even if they are as badly done as a conventional good guy vs. bad guys story as we have far too little people who have the guts to do that in the real world.
As you pointed out Dougherty is far less interesting than Satie or Nechayev who was obviously not evil but her divide with Picard about the needs of the many and the few was better done than in the case of Dougherty.
A little afterthought on the exile stuff you wrote about, I can easily imagine that the physical consequences of it, being thrown out of town or the planet, are less severe than the symbolic violence of this act. Of course the old and young generation have already gotten estranged from each other long before the coup and the exile but to cut all ties is nonetheless pretty harsh.
It's a bit like with Ghandi, of course he was totally non-violent in the conventional sense, he hasn't committed any acts of intersubjective violence, but in not recognizing the authority of the Brits he has committed an act of symbolic violence.
Or, not a good comparison but perhaps useful nonetheless, if a parents hits its child it might be less abusive than saying "I do not love you".
This might make it hard for the two groups to reconcile and work out their differences. Before they struggled with each other on the planet, then the Ba'ku said that this is the end of all relations and the Son'a under Ru'afo have done precisely what the Ba'ku wanted, not deal with them directly anymore.
I nonetheless wouldn't view this form of symbolic violence as problematic as actual violence.
Note that this is only stupid, idle speculation on my part, as I already said the story did, like all Trek stories, not occupy itself a lot with the background.