If the planet Gideon has the same land area as Earth, 148,940,000 squae kilometers, and the land is covered with buildings 100 stories tall, there would be a total of 14,894,000,000 square kilometers of floor space on all the levels of the buildings.
Suppose that the average person had 1,000 square meters of living space plus machinery space to keep them alive, there would be room for 1,000 people in each square kilometer of floor space. there would be room for 14,894,000,000,000 people on Gideon, that is over 14 trillion, almost 15 trillion, people.
Suppose that there were 100 stories and each person had a total of only 9 square meters of llving space, with the machinery to keep them alive down in many stories of underground basement perhaps. In that case the 100 storiea total of all the buildings could hold a total of 1,654,888.800,000,000 people - over one and a half quadrillion people.
The food for the Gideonites would have to be synthized by replicators from matter containing the 4 main elements (96 percent) in the human body (crbond, oxygen, hydrogen,and nitrogen, puls the s4 major elements (3.5 percent) in the human body, calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sulpher, sodium, chlorine, and magnesium, and the 14 trace lements vital for health, boron, chromium, colbalt,copper, flourine, iodine, iron, mangnese, molybdenum, selenium, silicon, tin, vanadium, and zinc.
Their wastes wold have to be loaded into the replicators to produce food in a totally close cycle.
The biomass of all humasn on Earth is allegedly only about 0.01 of hte total biomass of all living things on Earth. Since there are about 7.9 billion people on Earth 14,894 billion poeple would be about 1,885.3164 times as mass as the present human population. 1,654,888 billion people would have about 209,479.49 times the biobass of the present human population, and about 20.9 times the total biomass on Earth at the present.
It is quite possible that the planet Gideon would have to import vast amounts of the 25 essential elements (mostly in various compounds) from other planets, moons, asteroids, comets, etc. If their recyling system is less than 100 percent perfect they would have to keep on importing relatively small, but still vast, amounts of essential substances.