One of my observations about contemporary society is a need for father figures. Regardless of political affiliation, there is plenty of psychological research, and government programs that work to advocate being a father (I hear at least one government sponsored radio ad a day) that indicate the positives benefits of a father or mentor.
ST 09 starts that off, recognizing George Kirk as a great leader, and showing his willingness to sacrifice, but it leaves a void in his son's life (given the number of military families currently this could be extended there). So, nuKirk grows up without a father and is rebellious, impulsive and reckless. He doesn't contribute to society, and isn't living up to his potential, which, if the audience knows about Star Trek at all, they know that Kirk could be great.
Pike steps in and his that father figure. He provides the direction and a challenge for Kirk's talent. Is it an easy journey? No, not at all. Kirk makes a lot of mistakes including dealing with the Romulans, listening to Marcus, and violating the Prime Directive. Kirk has to go through the challenge of growing up and take responsibility for other lives not just his own and it culminates in him deciding to sacrifice himself, like his dad did, for the sake of his crew.
And before I hear the "magic blood" argument, Kirk didn't know about that. He made the choice, with no expectation that he would survive. I also don't have a problem with the blood, so, to me, that is a non issue.
Now, do I think Kirk's promotion to Captain was too fast? Yeah, absolutely. He should have been first officer, sent on the survey mission without Pike due to Pike needing a medical check for the 5 year mission, gets back, attack happens and Pike is killed. Kirk has to step up, be the captain, but is still reckless and wants revenge. So, that is one way it could have been handled.
There is more commentary, with Spock and Sarek, and Sarek's very gentle wisdom working with Spock and the intensity of the emotions. Many of Sarek's comments are similar to ones that have been made throughout TOS regarding Vulcans and how they embrace logic. Sarek provides that guidance that Spock needs to become the man that he has the potential to be,
That's my take.