It isn't possible to adapt to kinetic energy.
Why not? I think they can, or bullets would be the ultimate anti Borg weapons. I know it’s scientifically questionable but so is most of sci-fi.
Using kinetic force to destroy a target is something we never saw anyone do in Star Trek. If they did it would make space stations instantly obsolete from a military point of view. Luckily the dominion never thought about it when attacking DS9

Even at high sub-light speeds the kinetic energy stored in a object would be enough to penetrate any defense we’ve seen on ST.