If anything, I believe that Chekov was more likely an attempt to mimic the popularity of David McCallum's Illya Kuryakin from The Man from U.N.C.L.E., a young Russian (though English-accented) heartthrob with a Beatle-like haircut (he was actually called "the blond Beatle" by the press). Illya was massively popular with young female viewers, and Chekov was created to appeal to that demographic, and he's also a moptopped young Russian. Coincidence? I doubt it.
Would Russia have even be aware of Star Trek at that time? I can't imagine they were getting American TV series in hose days, and having Star Trek stand out so much where it was in issue seems a bit grandiose.