And people with a 50 % enhanced lung volume....
I'm wondering how that could be done without requiring a 50% larger chest cavity. Maybe by adding more and smaller alveoli, increasing the surface area even further without increasing the overall size of the lungs.
I've never bought that idea. People of lower intelligence and ability are often just as arrogant. If anything, the dumber people are, the more convinced they are of their superior wisdom and authority. (See: many presidential candidates and Hollywood studio executives.)Not to mention the arrogance of superior people in general.
I liked the suggestion of ENT's Augment trilogy that the "superior ambition" of the Augments was not some universal flaw of all superhuman beings, but a flaw in their specific genome, a design error (or a conscious choice by unethical designers) that amplified their aggression rather than their empathy and wisdom. This makes sense; after all, Spock has abilities superior to most any human, but he also possesses great humility and self-restraint, and has always been content to follow rather than lead. And while Julian Bashir is certainly arrogant, it's never been to a dangerous degree, because he also has highly developed empathy and ethics.
Of course, it also fits what I hinted at in DTI: Watching the Clock, that the Augments were the result of clandestine intervention by the same Temporal Cold War faction behind the Suliban Cabal (which was part of why the Aegis sent Gary Seven to Earth as a countermove). That would mean they were deliberately engineered to be weapons, hence the prioritization of aggression over empathy.