There is a process by which submarines can dispose of trash/refuse while submerged. A bubblehead explained it to me once.
submerged... as in below periscope depth? No way. Unless it gets fired out the torpedo tubes
TDU ops -- The boat carries flat aluminum (?) sheets (which later become cylinders roughly 3 or 4ft long by around 14 inchs in diameter) to fit into the TDU compactor which packs ship's garbage (especially kitchen garbage) - IIRC, the ram hydraulics are 7000# so it can really crush a lot of stuff into a small can. At the bottom of every cylinder, before the garbage, are placed thick, dinner-plate sized weights (I think they are 5 pounds each, but again memory fades) sometimes, depending on what went into the cylinder, you need to add several weights. The cans are meant to sink, and you don't want to be the guy who did the compacting if it turns out any floated - again, if detected it could mean being detected. These garbage-filled cans drop out a hull penetration beneath the boat. You'll be walking on these boxes of cans and weights in the passageways for weeks on long underways since there's really no place else to put them