Because he's a nutcase, maybe?One thing I've always wondered though is why Vader dueled Luke nearly to the death (and chopped off his arm) and only THEN gave him the big reveal about him being his father and suggesting that they form an alliance together against the Emperor?

He probably thinks he's behaving in a normal, fatherly way. If, for whatever bizarre reason, Luke had taken him up on the offer and they had managed to overthrow the Emperor, I don't see how their relationship going forward would be anything but weird and kind of vicious. How can you have a familial, loving relationship within the Dark Side? That seems like an impossible combination.
Also, I can see paranoia being a big part of the equation. Discovering Leia's identity would have upended the relationship because suddenly there's an option for one of them screwing the other over by recruiting her. Dang, this is sounding interesting as a fanfic or alternative-universe series.