Black Holes and Electrons

[Dryson]

When the atom absorbs a photon, the electron jumps from let's say for example from the 2s to a 3p orbital, the electron is not in any orbital during that time. Its wave function can be written as a time-varying mix of the normal orbitals.

Do atoms absorb photons as the atom and photon crosses the event horizon of a black hole?

If the electron is able to jump to a new orbital under such an immense gravitational pull from the black hole would type of energy potential might be present?

 

[Robert Maxwell]

No.

 

[publiusr]

You can have a photon and an electron join though--it seems:
http://www.nextbigfuture.com/2016/08/new-light-by-combining-photon-with-one.html

Maybe even a photon tornado? http://www.nextbigfuture.com/2016/07/vortex-laser-encodes-10-times-more-data.html
Well not quite Looks like an accretion disk though...

Some other news you might like
http://www.nextbigfuture.com/2016/07/nanoblocks-form-pixels-to-enable-meta.html

 

[YellowSubmarine]

Do atoms absorb photons as the atom and photon crosses the event horizon of a black hole?

If the electron is able to jump to a new orbital under such an immense gravitational pull from the black hole would type of energy potential might be present?

Yes, event horizons don't annul the laws of physics. Beware of firewalls, though.
Yes, physical systems have energy.

 

[Dryson]

It still doesn't make sense to me that a black hole would have more mass than the original mass of the collapsing sun. Does the collapse somehow cause space-itself to be pulled into the collapse that would add to the mass of the black hole? There must be a conversion of matter that creates a singularity in the black hole that would have to draw some of the mass of the Universe itself into the black hole.

I guess you could say that the image I am trying to convey would be similar to a tornado moving across a taffy field and as the tornado retreats into the clouds the taffy or the Universe, is pulled along with it.

 

[Asbo Zaprudder]

Why do you think a black hole would have more mass than the original star (including gravitational binding energy)? Where are you getting this idea from?

When the atom absorbs a photon, the electron jumps from let's say for example from the 2s to a 3p orbital, the electron is not in any orbital during that time. Its wave function can be written as a time-varying mix of the normal orbitals.

Do atoms absorb photons as the atom and photon crosses the event horizon of a black hole?

No-one has resolved the firewall paradox (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firewall_(physics)) as yet. Some think it's a real phenomenon; others think it's a false prediction of existing theory and that there should be nothing special about crossing the event horizon. If there were a firewall, the atom would probably be destroyed by high-energy quanta. From the perspective of an outside observer, an object falling on to a black hole appears to take an infinite amount of time to reach the event horizon and any photons that the object emits become increasingly red shifted at later and later times. The existence of a firewall cannot be verified from outside the black hole.

If the electron is able to jump to a new orbital under such an immense gravitational pull from the black hole would type of energy potential might be present?

The object is in free fall so only tidal force (spaghettification) applies. For something as small as an atom, this force would be negligible for black holes of all but very small mass (the tidal force is approximately GMml/4r^3, where G = universal gravitational constant, M = black hole mass, m = object mass, l = object radius, and r = distance to centre of black hole).

 

[locutus101]

When the atom absorbs a photon, the electron jumps from let's say for example from the 2s to a 3p orbital, the electron is not in any orbital during that time. Its wave function can be written as a time-varying mix of the normal orbitals.

Do atoms absorb photons as the atom and photon crosses the event horizon of a black hole?

If the electron is able to jump to a new orbital under such an immense gravitational pull from the black hole would type of energy potential might be present?

No, because the electron doesn't move in the relativistic sense of the word.

 

[scotthm]

From the perspective of an outside observer, an object falling on to a black hole appears to take an infinite amount of time to reach the event horizon

How can that be? Didn't we "see" an object cross the event horizon of a black hole when we detected gravity waves?

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[Asbo Zaprudder]

How can that be? Didn't we "see" an object cross the event horizon of a black hole when we detected gravity waves?

https://www.quora.com/Why-wasnt-the...-2s-due-to-time-dilation-at-the-event-horizon

Effectively, it's the changing geometry of the warped spacetime around the black holes that generates the chirp.

 

[scotthm]

Effectively, it's the changing geometry of the warped spacetime around the black holes that generates the chirp.

OK. So how can we observe an increase in a black hole's mass if from our point of view it takes an infinite amount of time for it to ingest new material?

---------------

 

[Asbo Zaprudder]

The gravitation field outside a hollow shell is the same as that of a solid sphere with the same mass-energy.

 

[Metryq]

event horizons don't annul the laws of physics.

I'm going to frame that.

 

[Asbo Zaprudder]

Firewall aside, I wonder if you get crispy fried anyway crossing the event horizon because time in the rest of the universe appears to race off to infinity. You'd be bombarded by the blue-shifted photons falling on the black hole during that time that happen to be intercepted by you.

 

[Dryson]

A question about electrons. I have read that electrons can jump to higher orbitals in an atom. But can electrons jump their atom's orbital into the orbital of another another atom?

Could the inside of a black hole be a result of electrons jumping orbitals at such a high rate of exchange that near infinite mass is created?

Another question I have is this. In the thick green area around the merging black holes the stars seem to warp in a very odd manner compared to the rest of the stars. Is the warping done for visual reasons or is the warping part of the merging black holes?

If part of the merger then why is there only a thin corridor between the warping and the rest of space where the stars seem to warp back and forth through the corridor?

Link to the video showing the merger.

http://www.sciencefocus.com/article...-waves-national-youth-orchestra-great-britain

 

[Asbo Zaprudder]

A question about electrons. I have read that electrons can jump to higher orbitals in an atom. But can electrons jump their atom's orbital into the orbital of another another atom?

They certainly can, for example:

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Covalent_bond
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionic_bonding
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_resistivity_and_conductivity#Causes_of_conductivity

Could the inside of a black hole be a result of electrons jumping orbitals at such a high rate of exchange that near infinite mass is created?

Infinite mass is neither a possibility (law of conservation of energy) nor is it required to create a black hole.

Another question I have is this. In the thick green area around the merging black holes the stars seem to warp in a very odd manner compared to the rest of the stars. Is the warping done for visual reasons or is the warping part of the merging black holes?

I can't speak for the creator of the image but I imagine the colour was added to highlight the warping of space-time. The visual effect in the video is a simulation of how the background star field would be distorted as light paths are deformed by the geometry of space-time.

If part of the merger then why is there only a thin corridor between the warping and the rest of space where the stars seem to warp back and forth through the corridor?

The stars aren't warping. It's the light from the distant background stars that is being deflected by the space-time geometry in the vicinity of the black hole merger. The effect diminishes rapidly with distance from the merger (inverse-square law).

 

[locutus101]

When the atom absorbs a photon, the electron jumps from let's say for example from the 2s to a 3p orbital, the electron is not in any orbital during that time. Its wave function can be written as a time-varying mix of the normal orbitals.

Do atoms absorb photons as the atom and photon crosses the event horizon of a black hole?

If the electron is able to jump to a new orbital under such an immense gravitational pull from the black hole would type of energy potential might be present?

A black hole doesn't necessarily mean a huge gravitational pull. A black hole the size of the solar system (IE the orbital trajectory of Pluto at its limit more or less) would have a gravitational pull of about one G give or take at its event horizon. One bigger than that would have a pull even weaker.

 

[publiusr]

In many ways, a magnetar is a bigger threat to a metal spacecraft than a black hole of greater mass. A black hole you can orbit.

The magnetic field of a magnetar--with its still substantial gravity--makes for a real hazard.

 

[locutus101]

In many ways, a magnetar is a bigger threat to a metal spacecraft than a black hole of greater mass. A black hole you can orbit.

The magnetic field of a magnetar--with its still substantial gravity--makes for a real hazard.

The problem with a magnetar is that orbiting it induces an electric current with joule effect, IOW it's like being put inside a powerful microwave oven.

 

[publiusr]

Something you don't have to worry as much about with a non-feeding black hole.

 

[locutus101]

Something you don't have to worry as much about with a non-feeding black hole.

Maybe the tidal effects, they increase quickly with the gravitational pull.