No, WiredPlanet, respectfully, you misunderstand. Shariah law is orders of magnitude past what we in the West understand as "law". There is nothing here in the UAE and Middle East that does nor carry a deep, religious significance and belief first, and practical application, second. Everything that follows the Religious, here, is secondary. There are things that appear to resemble rule of law and guidelines we would recognize, but without religion, there is nothing that truly takes priority. It is difficult to explain without a massive tl:dr.
To your points, if Shariah can truly influence US anything, that means there are enough proponents of that collection of laws in that area or venue or mode of communication to make Shariah "the law of the land". If that sounds simplistic to you, it is, Witness the attempt to stop the madness of gun deaths or poverty or starvation or gainful employment here in our own country. We can't even get a true Budget passed.
My position on Facebook is that it absolutely positively should not exist. That said, as a private company, FB can block whatever the hell it wants, and deal with whatever consequences (if any) that arise. My own personal opinion is that any cartoon or other form of satire that ridicules icons that groups of people revere is in extremely poor taste. Kind of like, WTF?
But I accept that, in our System, it happens in Art and Literature and Posting. I do not have to like your freedom of expression, but I must respect your right to express it. And I will! And I do!