Not in cases where only one of the ships is at warp - say, "Journey to Babel" or "Elaan of Troyius". Plus we have beams going from Mars to Earth in no time flat in ENT, with otherwise phaserlike capabilities...
Yep. And even in cases where two superluminal ships with a gap between warp fields had zero relative motion to each other the phaser particle would still need to be also superluminal in order to carry the energy over to the target ship.
I'm starting to like your "lightning bolt" description coupled with the idea that a phaser lock is just painting the target to the tagged destination. It certainly would explain how the TOS phaser beams converged onto a target

Timo said:A "lightning bolt" spanning the distance between two "special" points in space, the emitter and the somehow tagged destination, would also explain why phasers always take the same amount of time to reach their target, regardless of the distance to the target. If the target is two meters away, it takes three frames of film to get there; if the target is twenty thousand kilometers away, it takes three frames of film. Perhaps phaser beams are basically just destructive transporter beams that go from A to B instantaneously but waste a standard amount of time "emerging" thereafter, only they are so powerful that they leak light across the "channel" created between A and B, whereas transporter beams are invisible in their "channels".
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