The USS Enterprise D from The Next Generation I'd have to say traveled the furthest away from sector 001 (Earth) It was catapulted 2.7 million l
ight years to the
M-33 Galaxy. Later, while attempting to return back to the
Milky Way Galaxy, the
Enterprise instead traveled to
end of the universe, a billion light years away. This was accomplished by an Alien named The Traveler because his name was unpronouncable. It was season 1 episode 6. This would also cover time and space questions because The Traveler used time, space, and his mind to travel. In the end Wesley Crusher helped The Traveler to return the Enterprise to the exact place and time they left from. Crusher received the active rank of ensign for his help in that.