No more spoilery Trek XI stuff in here. Go here for that. Grrrr, I hate not being able to click spoiler buttons.
I don't know how it can be a spoiler if the movie is never, and I do mean NEVER going to get out of post?
Spoiler: Response No the timeline isn't corrected in the movie its in an alternate timeline now and Abrmas isn't going to waste money setting this universe up just to do that this isn't the Berman era anymore.
Spoiler: been here before Bermen derailed his own future already when they had Silik save Enterprise from it's destined annihilation in Coldfront which seems have minimized the bloody Earth Romulan War which scarred the human conciousness for the next hundred years had become barefly noticable border skirmish meaning that the coalition was founded from peaceful coexistence instead of the Federation being founded by by war buddies pooling cash to errect thousands of gun platforms along the neutral zone... But then it all course corrected somehow in time for These were the Voyages.
But why would the Vulcans do that - build one of *their* colonies in *our* star system? Where's the...logic? I mean, the Moon hasn't been terraformed, not even in the 24th century. Remember that DS9 ep with the Red Squad cadets? One of them lived on the Moon, and she said that you still needed suits to breathe on its surface. So why would the Vulcans go to all the trouble of building a colony there? If it was one of their own moons, then I can see it, but it's ours. So what would they be doing there?
It works for me, too - especially since it finally pays some due respect to Diane Duane's books! Awesome, iguana_tonante! Then, again, I like this too, and it probably works out better in consideration of .... stuff. As to why the Vulcans would have a colony there, maybe it's a way for them to have an ongoing diplomatic presence at Earth, but enough of a "piece of home" with them to be comfortable. I imagine Vulcan embassies are a little more elaborate than a lot of races need, with considerations of Pon Farr and similar, and the need to maintain secrecy with them.
Not canon, obviously, but here is what Memory Beta has to say about the Vulcanis Lunar Colony. Third paragraph.