Yes, Worf should have outranked Jadzia. Jadzia was just out of the Academy during DS9 season 1, when Worf was about four years into his service on the Enterprise.
I don't think Dax should have been promoted soon after "Blood Oath" and "Meridian", that promotion felt unearned, felt just so that she would not be outranked by newcomer Worf (and/but she would outrank Bashir), and don't think most people really take Nog becoming Ensign after two years as cadet seriously.
Jadzia wasn't just out of the Academy in DS9 season 1. She was a full Lt. and 28 years old in "EMISSARY"... assuming she graduated at around 22 years old, that's 6 years as an officer, which is enough time to get to that rank. (Especially when you consider Riker was a full Commander and XO of the Enterprise after about that amount of time in the service.)
Jadzia was made Lt. Cmdr. between season 3 and 4, so about 3 years at full Lt. Not unrealistic, since it took Worf 4 years to get to Lt. Cmdr. from full Lt. (Or Geordi's single year from full Lt. to Lt. Cmdr.)
So her promotion didn't feel unearned. Not to me, anyway.
Regarding Nog... he was also right in the center of wartime actions and missions for about 4 months before he got his field promotion to ensign. FAR more realistic than Kelvinverse Kirk getting from cadet to captain in one mission.