Most of the US Navy is designed to operate in Deep Blue Waters and aren't limited to the coast line.How many modern navy vessels travel in deep space?
The TNG Technical Manual states:But most starships don't in Trek. They usually employ navigational deflectors to push such things out of their way, especially at velocities approaching lightspeed. They have to actively collect those gases.
The magnetic field generator/collector [part of the Bussard system] is a compact set of six coils designed to cast a magnetic "net" ahead of the starship and pull in the charged particles toward the intake grills. ... At sublight velocities, the coils sweep forward normally. At warp velocities, however, the coil operation is reversed to slow down the incoming matter. This system works in close connection with the main navigational deflector. In normal operation, of course, the job of the deflector is to prevent any interstellar material from contacting the ship. Small field "holes" are manipulated by the deflector and MFG/C to permit usable amounts of rarified gas through.
True, we all know how often those "Emergency Situations" seem to crop up in the world of Star Trek.The fact is that some starships may lose fuel quicker than expected--either during combat or some other crisis, The Bussard collectors are for emergency situations when your fuel supply is either depleted suddenly or when its questionable you have enough fuel to get back to base. Sometimes it could just be a case of getting enough to top off the gas tank just to play it safe.
That's why I see most StarShips having Bussard Collectors to augment their fuel supplies.
The Borg are the only species that I've seen that doesn't have a obvious form of Bussard Collector.
But they also don't have obvious forms of any hardware, yet still are able to do everything that StarFleet can do and more.
Think about Bussard Collectors as a PHEV Vehicle having Solar Panels mounted on the flat parts of your cars roof to augment the tiny battery that it has. It's not meant to replace the Battery, ICE, or Regenerative Braking. It's a augment to extend the over-all range of the vehicle over time. It'll never replace the main systems, but it will alleviate the energy consumption requirements over time.Depends on how far the journey is, If your car is almost at E, but you can siphon off a little bit of gas from someone, it might be enough for you to reach the nearest gas station. It's no different for a starship in distress. Even a small bit of fuel might be enough to reach the nearest starbase. It might mean the difference between saving your ship or having to abandon it.
Jason from Engineering Explained that in a SoCal like environment, that there is enough Natural Sun that a standard Roof-area of a Toyota Corolla can gather over the course of a year to augment a SIGNIFICANT chunk of a PHEV's annual travel range via gradual energy collection by sitting in the sun.
The principle is similar with the Bussard Collectors, it gradually augments the Hydrogen/Deuterium & Local manufacturing of Anti-Deuterium. It'll never fully replace the MASSIVE Anti-Matter manufacturing in a local space station that every member of the UFP must participate in by creating local factories near their Star Systems core Stars that power the Anti-Matter processing factories to power the UFP's Ginormous resource based economy.
The most abundant localized source would probably be in the Atmosphere of a M-class planet or it's Oceans.Hydrogen is one of the most commonly found gases in the Universe. At impulse power, the collectors can gather a decent amount of hydrogen just cruising through what would appear to be otherwise empty space. At warp speed, considerably greater amounts can be gathered. Finding a nebula or some other celestial body with a high concentration of hydrogen would just be the most ideal situation, one to be taken if the opportunity presents itself. In most disaster cases, that won't be an option.
Just taking a short dip into the planet and lingering for minutes to hours should be enough to replenish the Hydrogen Reserves. The local Oceans should provide enough Water for seperation via Electrolysis into it's constituation base elements. of Hydrogen & Oxygen + any excess other elements that we might need.
I think that as a fundamental portion of Space Travel, you'll never get rid of the Bussard Collector function, the advantages to in-space / situation Hydrogen replenishment is too good.Which is why the Enterprise-J still has collectors. Maybe one day future starships won't need them anymore and can generate their own fuel internally (whatever that fuel might be), but they may not be there yet in the 26th-Century...
Any advanced species will determine that Hydrogen is too useful since it's the most abundant element in the universe and come to the same conclusion to use it as a primary or secondary fuel source.