Just to level-set:
@Sci is right that we don't have canonical
proof that China was a party to WW3.
I did not say China was not a party to World War III. I said that there's no canonical evidence that the Eastern Coalition is supposed to represent China.
However, I think we have persuasive evidence:
We know the United States and an "Eastern Coalition" fought in WW3.
Actually, we don't even know that per se! It's entirely possible that the political entity we today call "the United States of America" was dissolved or sundered before World War III began, especially now that we know a 2nd U.S. Civil War eventually led in some manner to World War III.
Edited to add: Which is not to say that it
must have happened that way either! I'm saying, the canonical evidence is so vague that
many, many different, contradictory scenarios are consistent with the canonical evidence.
End edit.
We know many of the world's major cities were destroyed in the war. So it really was a world war. That argues against the Eastern Coalition being a faction based on the Eastern United States fighting against another US- or North America-based faction with territory in Indiana (which was hit by a nuclear attack) and Montana (where the "ECON" was considered the enemy).
No it doesn't. It's entirely possible that World War III was a genuinely global conflict
and that two or more factions that had previously comprised the United States were on opposing sides in that global conflict. To make a historical comparison -- if the Cold War had ignited into a world war in the late 20th Century, East Germany and West Germany would have been on opposite sides of that world war. Something similar could have happened to the U.S.
Edited to add: Which is not to say that it
must have happened that way either! I'm saying, the canonical evidence is so vague that
many, many different, contradictory scenarios are consistent with the canonical evidence.
End edit.
We learned from Pike that the Eugenics War somehow led to WW3, and we know Khan led a faction in the Eugenics War with territory in Asia and that Archer's ancestor fought in that war in North Africa. Again: global wars with Asia involved.
Sure. No one's arguing that Asian nations were not party to World War III.
- We see far fewer Asian people in the future of Star Trek than the Earth's current demographic distribution would suggest. Not just Chinese, but Central Asian, Indian, Korean, Vietnamese...
- The "post-atomic horror" courtroom scenes in "Encounter at Farpoint" did feature a lot of Asiatic people, suggesting that a part of Asia suffered tremendously in the war and still hadn't recovered by 2079.
That's not evidence that China = the Eastern Coalition -- that's evidence the producers of
Star Trek have had some deeply-rooted white ethnocentric biases.
Again, I cannot emphasize this enough:
It is not a positive depiction of the future if it is one in which the Chinese nation and/or Asian nations in general have been genocided. If you try to sell
Star Trek as a positive vision of the future
and argue that China and/or Asia have been genocided, you're implicitly -- not intentionally, but messages that get sent aren't always the messages an artist intends to send -- saying that the genocide of Chinese and/or Asian people is a good thing.
Far, far,
far better idea would be for
Star Trek to explicitly establish that China and other Asian nations fared relatively no better or worse than other nations in World War III and that their great cities are in similar condition to the great cities of the rest of Afro-Eurasia, Oceania, and the Americas.