Very hard to summarize an entire season of Discovery in a single post, I feel like you only touched on a few things that made the strongest impression. Totally agree with you on Tilly, why is a Cadet allowed near the Spore drive? The mycelium network idea violates Roddenberry's view that science fiction shouldn't contradict established science. There are so many things wrong with Discovery, from the characters to the in-universe technology, the contradictions with what came later, etc.
It's mind-blowing that Star Trek 25 years ago was putting out better content, story-wise. I just re-watched "Unification" from TNG's Season 5 this weekend. Amazing episode! The scene between Stewart and Mark Leonard brought me to tears! Why can't we get Star Trek like this anymore! I know what people will say, DSC needs time to find itself, even S1 of TNG wasn't that good. I disagree. Even Tasha Yar's death in S1 made me sad. Even though I liked Lorca, by the time he was killed off, I was cheering for his demise!
One of the big problems I see with DSC is that it is a plot driven, not character driven show, the characters are just plot drivers, which is why the come off as inauthentic.