April was 75 circa 2270 per "The Counter-Clock Incident" (TAS), meaning he was born circa 2195, and could readily have been captain of the
Enterprise from the late 2220s and still leave Kirk (born 2233, assumed command circa 2263 around age 30, but probably after having had a previous command) as the youngest-ever captain of such a ship as per
The Making Of Star Trek (which is the same source where the age of the design is said to be "about forty years" old). Not set in stone, of course. The
Chronology and an
unused and
unseen portion of Archer's bio from "In A Mirror, Darkly" (TOS) place the
Enterprise's launch in 2245. That would still be a decade before DSC.
Scotty performed site-to-site transport of an individual from one
surface location to another, with no novelty value, in "A Piece Of The Action" (TOS).
What concerns Spock about
intra-ship beaming,
pad-to-site, in "Day Of The Dove" (TOS) is the necessity of "pinpoint accuracy" due to the possibility of ending up materializing inside a deck or wall. But that would generally be a concern beaming just about
anywhere, so I think you are quite sensible in presuming the complication must have something to do with some other function of the ship within the area of the destination potentially interfering with the process. Spock quite explicitly says it
has been done, though, even if rarely because of this danger. Scotty accepts that it
could work, even if it may be a trap. Spock makes computations and
sets the computer to automatically perform the transport. And it ultimately all goes off without a hitch, despite it all being done hurriedly in the heat of the moment.
So Lorca actually does nothing they
couldn't do in TOS, and is quite justified in feeling no apprehension, especially because in his case he's had the luxury of all the time in the world to have the computer programmed for such pre-set transports and work out any bugs! It can't possibly be a more complicated matter than getting the spore drive to work, methinks. Plus, again, quite possibly better transporters.
Sorry, I'm not just arguing for argument's sake here. I just think much more has been made of this than really ought be.
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MMoM