... transporter or replicator use for non-Starfleet?
I believe, the civilian population (non-starfleet) would pay to use a transporter and replicators, when Worf's mother brought Alexander to the Enterprise so Alexander could live with Worf, she paid for the journey.
When Worf replicated a wedding gift for Miles and Keiko, using the Enterprise's replicator, he paid for it. It wasn't duty related.
Drinks at Ten-forward, pay for.
Similarly, when the officers on DS9 went to the repli-mat for lunch and Klingon coffee, they pay for it. When you order something and you then take it, funds are transferred from your account. Simply ordering is a agreement to pay, by voice print. One of the things Starfleet might have done prior to sending it's people to the station would be setting up financial services for it's personnel.
You also might have to be a bit more formal if purchasing from a business or a vender. Beverly Crusher at Farpoint buying cloth ...
First there's the legal purchase authorization;
I'll take the entire bolt.
Next there's the delivery instructions;
Send it to our starship when it arrives.
Finally there is the billing authorization, in her voice;
Charge to Doctor Crusher.
All done in Beverly voice, I want it, ship it please, here's the payment. Fulfilling all the purchase requirements.
The funds in your account are the result of your Starfleet salary and any outside income (like weekly poker games).
