Earth hasn’t been spacefaring long enough for them to be humans, like say those on Turkana IV.That's a tough question. Was it an alien world or human colony? Are they aliens that look like humans or are they humans?
For example, the people on Ardana in TOS "Cloud Minders."
Yangs and Kohms
People from Miri's planet?
Native Americans from Paradise Syndrome?
Non-host Trills?
The Native Americans are outliers saved by the Preservers. Trills look and internally are different.
The people of Miri’s planet were interesting because of the concept of parallel development or something, but that’s a peculiarity in the mathematical vastness of space, not something that would necessarily happen even on Earth.