The patterns in which the gas flows outward could be attributed to the navigational deflectors of the ship, and might be intriguing indeed.
However, the way the gas continues to swirl, in little horizontal whirlpools, is certainly aphysical for any nebula-style concentration of thin gas.
But why should we assume that this happens in a thin nebula? The universe of Star Trek is full of strange heavenly wonders. For all we know, the ship is operating in the dense atmosphere of a gas giant, floating on an interface between two transparent gas layers of different densities, where things would indeed look pretty much as depicted. We see stars beneath her belly, but not above her, so perhaps she is flying belly up?
Timo Saloniemi