Oh really? That would make the Romulans really dumb then. They signed the Treaty of Algeron forbidding UFP from developing (and this involves testing) cloaking devices knowing full well that they would not be able to find out if the UFP did. That's absurd. They obviously have ways of finding out which would naturally inhibit development of such technologies.
They signed and then went away for over 50 years. That sounds does pretty dumb to me. When it comes to their "ways of finding out"...unless the UFP flat out tells them, or they observe the UFP developing/using a cloak, then spies are their only other resource. It's not as if they UFP research scientists have a Romulan in the room with them while they are developing various tech. The Romulans didn't know that Eric Pressman and the Pegasus crew were testing the phase cloak in 2357 untill Picard handed it over to them in 2370.
And now, the UFP doesn't have to worry about developing and testing of cloaking (and phase-shifting) devices leading to war.
This is true. They already did this in the 2350's. On the Pegasus. War didn't happen then because the Romulans had no idea the UFP was testing their phased cloak.
No one's suggesting that weapons and sensitive specs are "published to the general public". Would they have secretive development programs? Sure. But the entire alpha quadrant knows what weapons and what the capabilities are of the UFP, the Romulans, the Klingons etc. are in general (eg. quantum torpedoes, disruptors, phasers, transphasic) simply because they've been used before.
The general public remark was kind of odd I guess

