The Nature of the Universe, Time Travel and More...

[Will The Serious]

Most streaking images are a consequence of left behind debris, such as contrails from jet planes, the tails of comets, the wakes of boats even. But what would leave streaking images behind that hang out afterwards, long enough that we have detected them way back in the 80's, but still, after forty years, don't appear to have moved or changed? 40 years is less than an instant in a cosmological timescale, but for something to have left a streak-like image behind that is 150 light-years long, has to have been moving pretty fast. If those objects are actually bodies in orbit, maybe they are only visible from a lateral view and other parts of their orbit, where they are moving towards or away from us, can not be detected because they move too fast. Like the wake of a boat on water, we experience the wave energy from the side, but not ahead of or behind the moving boat.

In one article about this phenomenon, a reference was made to the "galactic medium." What is that? Æther?

-Will

 

[Asbo Zaprudder]

Probably associated with outflows from objects with intense magnetic fields such as Sgr A*.

The Population of the Galactic Center Filaments: Position Angle Distribution Reveals a Degree-scale Collimated Outflow from Sgr A* along the Galactic Plane - IOPscience

We have examined the distribution of the position angle (PA) of the Galactic center filaments with lengths L > 66'' and <66'' as well as their length distribution as a function of PA. We find bimodal PA distributions of the filaments, and long and short populations of radio filaments. Our PA study shows the evidence for a distinct population of short filaments with PA close to the Galactic plane. Mainly thermal, short-radio filaments (<66'') have PAs concentrated close to the Galactic plane within 60° < PA < 120°. Remarkably, the short filament PAs are radial with respect to the Galactic center at l < 0° and extend in the direction toward Sgr A*. On a smaller scale, the prominent Sgr E H ii complex G358.7-0.0 provides a vivid example of the nearly radial distribution of short filaments. The bimodal PA distribution suggests a different origin for two distinct filament populations. We argue that the alignment of the short-filament population results from the ram pressure of a degree-scale outflow from Sgr A* that exceeds the internal filament pressure, and aligns them along the Galactic plane. The ram pressure is estimated to be 2 × 10^6 cm^−3 K at a distance of 300 pc, requiring biconical mass outflow rate 10^−4M⊙ yr^−1 with an opening angle of ∼40°. This outflow aligns not only the magnetized filaments along the Galactic plane but also accelerates thermal material associated with embedded or partially embedded clouds. This places an estimate of ∼6 Myr as the age of the outflow.

 

[IMC Headquarters]

A new radio image of the center of the Milky Way.
https://news.northwestern.edu/stori...erious-strands-revealed-in-milky-ways-center/
These stands or threads of magnetic structures are a new find for me. How fascinating.

Could they be images of glowing matter moving so fast that they appear to have been able to travel at 150ly/sec?

-Will

Beautiful.

The poet in me sees a vast musical instrument playable and heard by ears very different from our own.
Or are they memory storage devices? Heat sinks? Remnants of ancient galactic scaffolding? Or prison bars long dissolved?

Since filaments on Earth can be used to transmit light, are they simply the cores of a lamp only something else can see?

Perhaps they are echoes of the bifurcation imprint of multiversal expansion...

They do evoke wonder. I hope their mystery remains unsolved.

 

[Will The Serious]

The poet in me sees a vast musical instrument playable and heard by ears very different from our own.

Pythagoras claimed to be able to hear the Music of the Spheres. He believed he'd discovered a relationship between the orbit of the planets and the octave musical scale. It may have been this relationship from whence he developed the scale, that and the varying sizes of blacksmith hammers.

What is interesting about the threads is that they are, many of them, over a hundred light years long. If they are trails, that means, for us to see them a billion years later, their entire lengths hung out in space for the whole time it took for whatever could travel fast enough to finish making those trails before their tail ends disappeared. Either those threads lasted undisturbed in a large enough mass to reflect enough light out to us, for whatever length of time it took for their creative phenomenon to travel one hundred plus light years, or they are something else entirely.

are they memory storage devices?

Indubitably. However, it may be unlikely that is all they are.

Remnants of ancient galactic scaffolding? Or prison bars long dissolved?

Pandora's Box. All the demons were released upon our world from the core of Mount Olympus (aka: the center of the galaxy). Would make a good Star Trek movie.

They do evoke wonder. I hope their mystery remains unsolved.

It will. But, there will be those who claim to solved them and many will believe them. It is part of the fun to discover we don't know what we thought we knew.

-Will

 

[publiusr]

This looks of interest---a solution to the invariant subspace problem
https://www.space.com/79-year-old-m...sion-puzzle-thats-vexed-theorists-for-decades

The paper itself:
https://arxiv.org/pdf/2305.15442.pdf

Universe twice as old as imagined
https://phys.org/news/2023-07-age-universe-billion-years-previously.html
https://bigthink.com/starts-with-a-bang/universe-13-8-or-26-7-billion-years/

--or not

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Bending space

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Odd
https://www.coasttocoastam.com/photo/mitch-battros-graphic-photo/

 

[Will The Serious]

The cold vacuum of space
What is outerspace really like to objects and astronauts?

Space is very, very cold. The baseline temperature of outer space is 2.7 kelvins — minus 454.81 degrees Fahrenheit, or minus 270.45 degrees Celsius — meaning it is barely above absolute zero, the point at which molecular motion stops.

Without a protective space suit, what is the most likely sequence of events to happen to a living body in space? For example: Would an astronaut freeze in space? Would that astronaut burn up entering the atmosphere? Would the astronaut first suffocate from lack of oxygen or would the absolute zero temperature kill said astronaut first? Maybe death would come from the absence of pressure and the body would suffer embolism and the fluids would boil at warm body temperatures.

Given that a vacuum is considered the ideal insulation, would a person with a body temperature of 37°Celsius retain its warmth for a long time? Would a tight body stocking effect the internal pressure of the body? How feasible is it that a person could survive a minute or two outside a spaceship to open an airlock and get back to safety?

If an astronaut could survive to reach Earth's atmosphere, would our hapless spacewalker really burn up if the closing speed with Earth was less than 100 kph? Would there still be enough gravitational acceleration at the outer edge of our atmosphere to create enough heat from friction or would the free falling astronaut reach a terminal velocity equal to the friction of a parachuter falling at ten-thousand feet? Could one theoretically parachute to the ground from outerspace?

What is the nature of that cold vacuum of outerspace in relationship to a freefalling human body?

-Will

 

[Gingerbread Demon]

Didn't Star Trek do parachute jumps from orbit? B'elana tried it in the holodeck in an episode of Voyager and Kirk did it as a sport but that scene was cut from one of the movies.

 

[Will The Serious]

Maybe; I'm unaware of them.

What I'm interested in is a reasonable concept of the reality of such a thing. In The Expanse, one of the characters jumped out of an airlock to glide unprotected through outerspace across maybe 25-50 meters to get aboard another ship. She injected herself with some sort of medication to survive the leap without a spacesuit. What would really happen?

Even though space is measured at near zero Kelvin, there is no conductive material to steal body heat. Sun and radiant heat from nearby celestial bodies would still warm from infrared emissions, to one degree or another, so I doubt the freezing to a shattering crystal of ice scenario. The low atmospheric pressure would however, be devastating; but I don't think there would be an explosion, only internal embolisms and maybe the boiling of body fluid from no air pressure. Fluids would become gaseous.

But how fast would that happen? Certainly the lack of external pressure would make it near impossible to hold your breath. It might feel like the air was being sucked right out of your lungs as internal and external pressure tried to equalize.

I also think that, the parachute scenario is quite feasible if the body and oxygen supply are protected. Burning up from friction would only happen to a body that was hurtling through space at thousands of miles per hour, until friction slowed the body down to terminal velocity.

-Will

 

[Gingerbread Demon]

Maybe, I'm unaware of them.

What I'm interested in is a reasonable concept of the reality of such a thing. In The Expanse, one of the characters jumped out of an airlock to glide unprotected through outerspace across maybe 25-50 meters to get aboard another ship. She injected herself with some sort of medication to survive the leap without a spacesuit. What would really happen?

Even though space is measured at near zero Kelvin, there is no conductive material to steal body heat. Sun and radiant heat from nearby celestial bodies would still warm from infrared emissions, to one degree or another, so I doubt the freezing to a shattering crystal of ice scenario. The low atmospheric pressure would however, be devastating; but I don't think there would be an explosion, only internal embolisms and maybe the boiling of body fluid from no air pressure. Fluids would become gaseous.

But how fast would that happen? Certainly the lack of external pressure would make it near impossible to hold your breath. It might feel like the air was being sucked right out of your lungs as internal and external pressure tried to equalize.

I also think that, the parachute scenario is quite feasible if the body and oxygen supply are protected. Burning up from friction would only happen to a body that was hurtling through space at thousands of miles per hour, until friction slowed the body down to terminal velocity.

-Will

I have no idea. The Expanse is set many, many years in the future and they even use drugs for when ships accelerate so maybe it's the same drug for her EVA jump. Which season was that in?

 

[Will The Serious]

Which season was that in?

The Expanse season 5's Oyedeng ends with Naomi ejecting into space. She was perhaps exposed for 20 to 30 seconds.

-Will

 

[Asbo Zaprudder]

Survival in Space Unprotected Is Possible--Briefly - Scientific American

...animal experiments and human accidents have shown that people can likely survive exposure to vacuum conditions for at least a couple of minutes. Not that you would remain conscious long enough to rescue yourself, but if your predicament was accidental, there could be time for fellow crew members to rescue and repressurize you with few ill effects.

Naomi Nagata injects her blood with some convenient plot-device compound to saturate it with oxygen.

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[Gingerbread Demon]

Survival in Space Unprotected Is Possible--Briefly - Scientific American



Naomi Nagata injects her blood with some convenient plot-device compound to saturate it with oxygen.

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Was it the acceleration juice they use during flight?A

 

[Asbo Zaprudder]

Was it the acceleration juice they use during flight?

Different convenient plot device, I believe, as the physiological effects being countered are not the same.

ETA: The wiki implies the two ate different:
Accelerating drugs | The Expanse Wiki | Fandom

Acceleration Drugs, Gravity Fluids, or simply known to most pilots as “The Juice” is a mixture of various blood thinners, blood vessel reinforcers, adrenalines and various other stimuli. Its purpose is to protect the organs and cardiovascular system of occupants while executing high G maneuvers and to increase mental acuity while under duress. These are combined to form a white liquid injected by pilots like Alex Kamal and other crew members before high-g maneuvers.

Oyedeng (episode) | The Expanse Wiki | Fandom

As the two ships begin to distance from each other, Cyn joins Naomi in the airlock by squeezing past the closing inner doors. He pleads with her not to do this, and that he will make things right with Marco, but she turns to face him and remorsefully says that he shouldn't have followed her, revealing she has a syringe of hyper-oxygenated blood in her hand. She presses the release for the outer doors and leaps away from the open airlock.

 

[Will The Serious]

The previous explanations are about what I was imagining. It's good to have the time limits defined.
What about Cosmic radiation? No atmosphere, no space suit, what is the danger of radiation poisoning/cooking, and how about that near zero degrees Kelvin?

I suspect, in a non-insulated, partial pressure suit that could keep the astronaut alive long enough, a living warm blooded body would generate more heat than would be lost due to radiation. There would be no conductive heat loss. Even though space measures at only 2.7 kelvins, a living mammal would not feel the cold.

-Will

 

[publiusr]

I don't like the body-stocking type suits... that's actually how you get crush-and-compartment syndrome.

Miles O'Brian of CNN's defunct SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY program was forced into being a stringer...A camera fell on his arm.

It had to be amputated.

Fasciotomy...the grossest procedure ever...would have saved that arm. His own skin limited swelling and caused tissue death.

You need pressure suits.

 

[Asbo Zaprudder]

A big problem in space is keeping cool as losing heat by radiation is not efficient - think vacuum flasks. Thermal regulation on the ISS is also a serious engineering issue.
Staying Cool on the ISS | Science Mission Directorate (nasa.gov)

 

[Will The Serious]

That's what I was thinking. I've seen the scenes in the movies that show people falling out of airlock into space and they freeze immediately. My thinking is that space is one big vacuum insulator.

I don't like the body-stocking type suits... that's actually how you get crush-and-compartment syndrome.

That's interesting about compartment syndrome.

-Will

 

[Asbo Zaprudder]

Any fluid such as sweat, tears or saliva on an exposed body surface will simultaneous boil and freeze as heat is evaporated away. Ice was observed to form even on the tongue in animal experiments and during accidents involving humans. It's not immediate though.

 

[Will The Serious]

Ice was observed to form even on the tongue

At what temperature does ice form at zero pressure? Is it higher than 32 F (0 Celsius)? Even that is not that cold. I'm surprised, though, that water would boil into ice. Maybe the cooling of evaporation stops evaporation, at some point. I do know that ice can still evaporate without ever reaching the liquid state. Perhaps it can go the other way, too. Gas to solid without liquid state.

-Will

 

[Asbo Zaprudder]

Most of the water evaporates as per the state diagram for water at zero pressure. However, this process removes energy from the water molecules that remain so that they transition to ice. This ice then sublimes gradually to vapour without going through a water phase at a speed determined by the ambient temperature. If the water is mixed with organic molecules and salts as in sweat, tears and saliva, this will also help ice to form and slow sublimation. It's a process similar to freeze drying. Vapour can indeed transition directly to the solid phase (known as deposition) as the temperature is lowered if the pressure is also low enough.

Triple point - Wikipedia