If the transporter were real, and it could really undo such extreme, "all is lost" plot events, then everybody would want to keep their own recent pattern stored away as a backup.
And forward-looking people would keep a second backup, this one not recent but a preservation of their prime, for use when they get old and frail. You can always keep a diary to re-learn your important memories. What you want is your youth and health back.
Why wait that long? Why not just reset your physical condition to optimal every time you're beamed? That's how it works in Wil McCarthy's The Queendom of Sol tetralogy, about a future civilization where quantum teleportation is ubiquitous. People in that series use the teleporter/replicator devices to edit and re-engineer their bodies on a routine basis. Nobody ever ages (unless they choose to) because the teleporters tweak them to perfect condition every time. If they get injured, they just teleport themselves back to normal. They can even edit their patterns to make themselves taller, stronger, prettier, smarter, any physical change they want.