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The Aims and Responsibilties of Starfleet

Capt_Jason

Lieutenant Commander
Red Shirt
What exactly does Starfleet do? What are it's ultimate goals and intentions as an operating force of the UFP? What is it's ultimate mission statement?

I am seeking an A, B, C, etc breakdown of what definitive function the Fleet performs for my site, The Starfleet Network. Rather than rely upon previously-established sources, I am interested in individual fan perspective.

How is Starfleet organizaed (i.e. somekind of org. chart)? Is Starfleet more or less a great big NASA-type organization with guns and torpedos or is it an actual military and scientific arm of the UFP armed forces? What are it's aims and responsibilities?

Ultimately, I would like to cobble together a "Best Of" fan perspective and offer it up as treknical content for my site, by the fans, for the fans.

My site itself is very much in the WIP/Project stage, but I invite any and all interested to come and peruses what we have so far and offer up constructive criticism, comments, ideas, content suggestion etc. End of site plug.

Let the discussions begin.
 
The closest thing I know of in any source was a full list of how the Federation was organized departmentally, in Franz Joseph's Star Fleet Technical Manual. I could look and see what that includes as far as Starfleet itself, though of course it's meant to represent the TOS era.

As far as function, Starfleet's role is twofold. It is the defensive military of the Federation, designed to protect it and allies in conflicts like the Dominion War. It also functions as an exploration and support arm, to explore space and support the creation of colonies etc. Not really sure what to suggest as far as a mission statement.
 
For me, Starfleet is simply the Federation's multipurpose deep-space operations agency. That allows it to perform a wide variety of missions from exploration, defense, diplomacy, scientific research, to even haulin' freight around the Federation. The use of a naval-style organizational structure and some naval traditions was chosen more for efficiency and to honor the oceangoing navies of Earth's past than anything else.

As far as Starfleet's actual mission statement, I actually wouldn't be surprised if it was the same as the motto of it's most famous starship: "...to boldly go where no man has gone before."
 
To be sure, it now seems that the UFP Starfleet is the direct successor of the United Earth Starfleet seen in ENT, with a few elements of other UFP member space navies probably thrown in.

So it would build on the traditions of an organization that looked like a fairly "conventional", combat-oriented force in ENT - a force that was only taking baby steps in exploration when it was transformed into its Federation equivalent.

Of course, there is the old question of what UESPA is. ENT shows that this organization, whose name appears on many Starfleet starship dedication plaques and various operations, coexists with United Earth Starfleet: either the two are peers, or then one is a subdivision of the other. I rather prefer the idea of peers in a partnership where UESF takes care of defense and UESPA minds the science; the partnership would later be biased when Starfleet assumes an exploratory role, and UESPA thus becomes a much less prominent organization in the Federation era.

Franz Joseph's old organization charts are as good as any, at least if we throw in a few of the additional Commands/Divisions mentioned in canon for the 24th century, and perhaps change a few titles and names. It would be nice to speculate that Fleet Ops (for which Kirk was the head honcho in TMP) would further be subdivided into Defense and Exploration Commands before branching into those FJ elements, though. Or at least that such a division existed at one or more points of Starfleet history.

Some of the starship dedication plaques make mention of such suborganizations, and it would be fun to speculate that Picard either feels Exploration Command is the "real" Starfleet, or has only recently experienced the merging of the two Commands and feels that this event signified the end of Starfleet as a "military organization".

Certainly the responsibilities of the Fleet seem highly diverse when we canonically know there's such a thing as Terraform Command under its aegis. Fandom/RPG material sometimes also speaks of a Starfleet Merchant Marine, suggesting the Fleet meddles in commerce as well (which might not be a bad idea if the Federation wants to keep trade going even in areas of high risk and during conflicts).

Timo Saloniemi
 
I know that it's not canon but the old LUG Trek book The Price of Freedom explains this a bit.
 
Unicron said:
The closest thing I know of in any source was a full list of how the Federation was organized departmentally, in Franz Joseph's Star Fleet Technical Manual. I could look and see what that includes as far as Starfleet itself, though of course it's meant to represent the TOS era.

As far as function, Starfleet's role is twofold. It is the defensive military of the Federation, designed to protect it and allies in conflicts like the Dominion War. It also functions as an exploration and support arm, to explore space and support the creation of colonies etc. Not really sure what to suggest as far as a mission statement.

Here is the very chart you are referring to:

fleet_chart1.jpg


IIRC, several starship plaques from the 24th century have several operating forces of Starfleet listed along with key personnel, engineers, authorities etc. How would the chart above compare with those?
 
nx1701g said:
I know that it's not canon but the old LUG Trek book The Price of Freedom explains this a bit.

Could your provide some details on what this reference has to say? That is one book for my library that I have yet to track down.
 
Stretching the topic a bit farther, here is an organizatonal chart of the United Federation of Planets according to the FASA rpg system:

fed_gov_chart.jpg


In the past, I have been known to include both this chart and the FJ Fleet Org chart. From there, I have relied on David Schmidt's Starfleet Dynamics to provide much of the details for both. Sometimes it has been quite a challenge to make these three disparate takes on the UFP and the Fleet work together but its fun nonetheless.

The UFP Chart still "feels" like it is missing something. Barring anything official coming down the pike, what we might need to see here is UFP Constitution often referred to in the TNG+ era. Are there any known fannish examples of this document out there, excluding the FJ Articles of Federation (Clearly a UN derivative and not completely relevent to the "show")?
 
Well if you're looking for a fan perspective, there are plenty to go around. Personally, based on what's been seen, I tend to think Starfleet fits pretty well with the "NASA with weapons" motif, for a variety of reasons, not in the least of which being that quite a number of the classic scifi shows in the 60s and 70s often featured intrepid groups of surprisingly well armed NASA-style expeditions.

Though it's hardly reflected in canon, though, I'm much more inclined to think that Starfleet doesn't actually represent the entire Federation as much as it actually represents EARTH. I'm a long time fan of the theory that Federation Starfleet simply unified the space forces of all Federation members under a single command, operating more or less autonomously for their own purposes. Starfleet is probably in direct (and very friendly) competition with Andorian and Bolian space fleets, covering some of the same missions but both having and lacking specialties that their competitors do not have. I would imagine Andorian ships are much more combat oriented than Starfleet vessels, for example. Missions can be handed out at the local level (some Earth scientist needs a ship, or a Terran colony is being raided by Klingon mercenaries or something) or at the Federal level, depending on capability and availability, with probably a bit of politics as well.

Like I said, though, that explanation is a bit non-canon, since otherwise we see a Starfleet that is mostly controlled and dominated by Earth officers, based on Earth traditions, using Earth technology, with a light sprinkling of token aliens serving coffee here or there.
 
Timo said:
So it would build on the traditions of an organization that looked like a fairly "conventional", combat-oriented force in ENT - a force that was only taking baby steps in exploration when it was transformed into its Federation equivalent.
I think you're being a little generous calling Earth Strfleet "conventional" combat oriented force, considering ENT on at least four separate occasions directly implied that Earth starfleet was neither conventional nor combat-oriented. There's Captain Archer's "This isn't a warship" and whining about "battle stations" being too aggressive a phrase. Then there's Admiral Forest asking "I'm surprised you asked him. You think you'll be comfortable with military on board?" And Captain Hernandez saying the same: "I'm not sure how I feel about a military officer on the Bridge."

Besides, the portrayal in ENT is a bit more faithful to what we saw in TOS and TNG than any implication of a multi-racial force; in that sense, Earth is the center of the Federation, not because of its control of Starfleet, but because of its ability to generate cooperation from other members in a logical and consistent fashion (which also explains why the Vulcans were so important to its formation).

Timo said:
Some of the starship dedication plaques make mention of such suborganizations, and it would be fun to speculate that Picard either feels Exploration Command is the "real" Starfleet, or has only recently experienced the merging of the two Commands and feels that this event signified the end of Starfleet as a "military organization".
Actually, I believe a merger with the MACOs would be the closest Starfleet ever came to actually being a military organization. On the other hand, it's possible no such merger ever took place, and the MACOs still exist as EARTH'S military where the Starfleet is under the direct jurisdiction of the Federation Council. Then again, the other possibility comes to mind that the Federation may not be allowed, for legal reasons, to actually control a military force, even if its members could. As I said upthread, that would mean the responsibilities of the Starfleet we know would be limited to things Earth in particular is interested in, or things they're asked to do by the Federation Council for peacekeeping purposes.
 
I think you're being a little generous calling Earth Strfleet "conventional" combat oriented force, considering ENT on at least four separate occasions directly implied that Earth starfleet was neither conventional nor combat-oriented. There's Captain Archer's "This isn't a warship" and whining about "battle stations" being too aggressive a phrase. Then there's Admiral Forest asking "I'm surprised you asked him. You think you'll be comfortable with military on board?" And Captain Hernandez saying the same: "I'm not sure how I feel about a military officer on the Bridge."

Granted this - but note that most this only concerns the NX class ships of the force, the novel vessels that supposedly for the first time perform deep space exploration in Starfleet's name. The skippers of the Enterprise and the Columbia would be like USNS survey ship commanders in comparison with combat vessel COs like those of the Intrepid type - they could hold antipathy towards the old codgers who think that Starfleet has always been a combat force and that catching cosmic butterflies is beneath the Fleet's dignity.

More significantly, it may be that UESF is not a "military" force even though it is a "combat" force. After all, the people in ENT consistently use "military" to describe infantry, as opposed to navy. They aren't worried about having gun-toting personnel aboard (Archer set off with dozens of armed-to-the-teeth naval warriors in "Broken Bow", and deployed them with aggressive intent throughout the first two seasons), or about firing lethal weapons at opposing starships (Archer fired those with a vengeance in "Flight or Fight" already, out of sheer spite). In each instance, they are specifically and explicitly worried about having members from a rival combat organization aboard their precious ships.

Timo Saloniemi
 
Timo said:
Granted this - but note that most this only concerns the NX class ships of the force, the novel vessels that supposedly for the first time perform deep space exploration in Starfleet's name.
How do you figure? Earth Starfleet had seldom ventured out beyond its own solar system and nearest stars. Even if combat had been a major part of their mission role, their lack of experience and primative weapons would have been just powerful enough to scratch the paint on a Nausican shuttlepod. Prior to this, they mostly depended on the Vulcans for defense, with the MACOs probably functioning as a counter-terrorism force.

Timo said:
The skippers of the Enterprise and the Columbia would be like USNS survey ship commanders in comparison with combat vessel COs like those of the Intrepid type - they could hold antipathy towards the old codgers who think that Starfleet has always been a combat force and that catching cosmic butterflies is beneath the Fleet's dignity.
Except it was Admiral Forest who first made the comparison between Starfleet and "military" MACOs; this statement was neither in jest nor in sarcasm, but genuine concern for Archer's remarkable change of heart. Erica Hernandez says it the same way, as does Malcolm Reed when speaknig of the Major, "I've grown up around men like him..."

Timo said:
More significantly, it may be that UESF is not a "military" force even though it is a "combat" force. After all, the people in ENT consistently use "military" to describe infantry, as opposed to navy.
And who exactly EVER referred to Starfleet as a combat force?

Besides, Malcolm clearly knows the difference between Starfleet and the (for some reason still existent) Royal Navy, such that the latter IS a military organization and thinks of Starfleet as a kind of consolation prize, like a guy who flunks out of the police academy and then gets a job as a security guard.

It's clear that Enterprise does not even have a pre-determined state of readiness for combat situations until Macolm comes up with the idea of "Tactical Alert" (a PC term for "Battle Stations" which Archer thinks is too aggressive). If Earth Starfleet is a combat force, why is the concept of "Battle Stations" so alien to Enterprise' crew? There's really no logical answer except that combat was NOT a major consideration when Earth Starfleet was formed, and didn't become a major consideration until Enterprise got out into deeper waters and found them full of sharks. Prior to this, Starfleet was a combination of NASA and the Coast Guard, with a much heavier leaning towards the former.

Timo said:
In each instance, they are specifically and explicitly worried about having members from a rival combat organization aboard their precious ships.
Actually, I'm reasonably sure the MACOs had their own ships apart from Starfleet. They'd sort of have to, after all; no military assault command organization is worth all that much if its soldiers have to call somebody else whenever they want to move from one position to another. The only reason the MACOs were on Enterprise is because Archer specifically asked them there, realizing he needed REAL military men with better training and combat equipment to deal with the Xindi threat. As subsequently demonstrated, the MACOs are to Starfleet what sWAT Teams are to mall cops.
 
How do you figure? Earth Starfleet had seldom ventured out beyond its own solar system and nearest stars. Even if combat had been a major part of their mission role, their lack of experience and primative weapons would have been just powerful enough to scratch the paint on a Nausican shuttlepod. Prior to this, they mostly depended on the Vulcans for defense, with the MACOs probably functioning as a counter-terrorism force.

If the immediate pre-ENT UESF is a poor combat force, it is an even poorer exploratory one...

But it is a combat force - it consists of starships armed to the teeth, capable of repulsing a Klingon attack in "The Expanse". And it seems to serve little other purpose.

Besides, Malcolm clearly knows the difference between Starfleet and the (for some reason still existent) Royal Navy, such that the latter IS a military organization and thinks of Starfleet as a kind of consolation prize, like a guy who flunks out of the police academy and then gets a job as a security guard.

No, Malcolm does not quote "being military" as a distinction between the RN and the UESF. Quite the opposite: Stuart Reed in "Silent Enemy" thinks the jobs of his dad (in the RN) and son (in the UESF) are quite comparable. Stuart himself apparently isn't an ordnance officer but holds some other position in the RN, yet every time these generations of naval officers are discussed, it is to emphasize their common military heritage right unto and including Malcolm.

So all this tells us is that Earth supports multiple combat or "partial-combat" organizations at the time of ENT or immediately before it...

If Earth Starfleet is a combat force, why is the concept of "Battle Stations" so alien to Enterprise crew?

Quite possibly because NX-01 is the Calypso of UESF - barely armed (with those plasma peashooters instead of the standard phase cannon seen on the ships of "The Expanse"), thinly crewed, built for exploration.

However, I think you need to rewatch "Singularity" regarding the Reed Alert thing. First and foremost, we have to remember that the credibility of our heroes is at an all-time low in this episode, due to them being mentally incapacitated. Nevertheless, both the disinterested Archer and the obsessed Reed agree that UESF already uses the protocol of "battle stations" (by that specific name) in combat situations. What Reed wants is fine-tuning, for example against the novel threat of hostile boarding (how could anybody ever have accomplished that against UESF vessels before the era of Suliban stealth or transporters?).

The mentally affected Archer then asks Reed to name the new protocol something less aggressive than the preexisting "battle stations". The demand of inventing a new name is obvious, so as not to clash with preexisting procedure; Archer's emphasis on nonaggression is probably half a quirk of his affected state, half a humorous jibe at Reed's own hotheadness.

In any case, if Archer and pals seem a little lost with combat procedures, they are even more out of their depth as regards exploration. The latter seems like the more novel and alien thing for UESF by far, yet clearly is what Archer is tasked with.

Actually, I'm reasonably sure the MACOs had their own ships apart from Starfleet. They'd sort of have to, after all; no military assault command organization is worth all that much if its soldiers have to call somebody else whenever they want to move from one position to another.

Uh, USMy-ass-rides-in-navy-equipmentC? :confused:

Starfleet seems to possess the perfect Marine deployment vessel already - the warp-capable transport seen in "Regeneration". In contrast, no MACO vessels are seen on the course of ENT.

Apparently the contingent aboard NX-01 is somewhat familiar with joint operations with UESF, but is supposed to take time to get its "space legs" anyway. It seems unlikely the troops would have seen much interstellar action before ENT, in an Earth dominion limited to a handful of planets separated by long transit times; nor do they refer to such past exploits.

If anything, the MACO force comes off like a SWAT or SEAL team, a minor player of very special nature that assists rather than plays it solo. Certainly it isn't Earth's principal infantry (whether Earth needs an infantry or not), and nothing suggests it would be the only "military" organization around (c.f. the RN references earlier on). But it is obvious that it is a novel experience for test pilot and explorer Archer and his scientist subordinates, and much less so for his combat crew.

Timo Saloniemi
 
Timo said:
How do you figure? Earth Starfleet had seldom ventured out beyond its own solar system and nearest stars. Even if combat had been a major part of their mission role, their lack of experience and primative weapons would have been just powerful enough to scratch the paint on a Nausican shuttlepod. Prior to this, they mostly depended on the Vulcans for defense, with the MACOs probably functioning as a counter-terrorism force.

If the immediate pre-ENT UESF is a poor combat force, it is an even poorer exploratory one...
Well... YES. They pretty much sucked at everything until the Vulcans stopped playing overlord and let them do stuff. Enterprise was the first ship in the fleet whose mission actually WAS exploration, but it didn't require any prototype equipment for that function, nor did it require the invention of totally new proceedures:
ARCHER: "So, like, we just found this class-M planet. Maybe we should, I dunno, scan for life signs or something?"
TRIP: "Life signs? You mean like a bill board?"

Timo said:
But it is a combat force - it consists of starships armed to the teeth, capable of repulsing a Klingon attack in "The Expanse". And it seems to serve little other purpose.
Considering their reacion to the Xindi on two seperate occasions, they're not much of a combat force either. Again, the comparison to the Coast Guard is apt; four ships against a single Klingon gunboat is a pretty safe bet even if each of those ships is equipped only with a single phase cannon and a .50 caliber machinegun. Like four coast guard cutters against an old Russian torpedo boat.

Timo said:
Besides, Malcolm clearly knows the difference between Starfleet and the (for some reason still existent) Royal Navy, such that the latter IS a military organization and thinks of Starfleet as a kind of consolation prize, like a guy who flunks out of the police academy and then gets a job as a security guard.

No, Malcolm does not quote "being military" as a distinction between the RN and the UESF.
No he doesn't quote it. He is just VERY familiar with the differences between them.

Timo said:
If Earth Starfleet is a combat force, why is the concept of "Battle Stations" so alien to Enterprise crew?

Quite possibly because NX-01 is the Calypso of UESF - barely armed (with those plasma peashooters instead of the standard phase cannon seen on the ships of "The Expanse"), thinly crewed, built for exploration.
The phase cannons on Enterprise were prototypes; that the ships in "Expanse" had them is somewhat miraculous, unless they were retrofitted immediately after the Xindi attack, which is quite likely.

And it doesn't really change the crew's lack of familiarity with the very concept of combat readiness. In a combat-oriented organization, the armory officer of your starship doesn't have to figure out how to put the ship at a combat footing at a moment's notice. Somebody would have figured that out already before the ship ever left port.

Timo said:
Nevertheless, both the disinterested Archer and the obsessed Reed agree that UESF already uses the protocol of "battle stations" (by that specific name) in combat situations.
It would seem to suggest the exact opposite, given that 1) Archer and T'pol both seem mystified when Reed's modifications bring the weapons online quickly and 2) it was Reed who thought up the name "battle stations" as the name for the new protocol and Archer who specifically vetoed it on the spot. Even if Enterprise is Archer's first command, unless nobody ever bothered to train the man, he would at least know if Starfleet already HAS a tactical readiness proceedure in place.

But we don't have to infer, because that alert status doesn't appear earlier in the series. No call for "battle stations" appears in any of Enterprise' earlier combat situations, notably in "Silent Enemy" and "Fight or Flight."

Timo said:
The mentally affected Archer then asks Reed to name the new protocol something less aggressive than the preexisting "battle stations".
What, other than assumption, leads you to believe "battle stations" was pre-existing? Anything from reference?

Timo said:
In any case, if Archer and pals seem a little lost with combat procedures, they are even more out of their depth as regards exploration. The latter seems like the more novel and alien thing for UESF by far, yet clearly is what Archer is tasked with.
But again, Enterprise left space dock equipped for exploration, where its weapon systems were not even operational until the ship had already been in space for a couple of weeks. Targetting scanners out of alignment, phasers not installed, etc. This isn't a mentality that reflects a particularly strong emphasis on combat, and it goes FAR beyond Archer's passivility since this would have been a decision by the engineers, not the crew.

Timo said:
Actually, I'm reasonably sure the MACOs had their own ships apart from Starfleet. They'd sort of have to, after all; no military assault command organization is worth all that much if its soldiers have to call somebody else whenever they want to move from one position to another.

Uh, USMy-ass-rides-in-navy-equipmentC?
Equipment, sure. But even U.S. Marines have their own pilots fly their own transports and choppers, their own fighters, and in some cases crew their own ships. And this just for the MARINES, which are by definition "Naval infantry."

There's nothing in the MACOs that implies a a dependence or relation to Starfleet in any way. Indeed, we don't even know that the two ships that helped chase off Duras' ship WERE starfleet ships and not MACO vessels assigned to assist the less-heavily armed intrepid in meeting Enterprise.

Timo said:
Starfleet seems to possess the perfect Marine deployment vessel already - the warp-capable transport seen in "Regeneration".
Which, you forget, is supposed to be very poorly armed and is referred to as a "survey ship."

Timo said:
Apparently the contingent aboard NX-01 is somewhat familiar with joint operations with UESF, but is supposed to take time to get its "space legs" anyway. It seems unlikely the troops would have seen much interstellar action before ENT, in an Earth dominion limited to a handful of planets separated by long transit times; nor do they refer to such past exploits.
Which sort of nixes the idea of the MACOs being related to Starfleet, doesn't it? Otherwise, getting their "space legs" would have been part of their basic training in the first place. More likely the MACOs have their own airborne (spaceborne) division with small, fast, well-armed ships designed to slice through enemy defenses and deposit large numbers of specialist troops in a given location. Starfleet ships of the time would be extremely poorly suited to this task.

That's sort of the reason why people HAVE standing militaries in the first place. In order to gaurantee you have the best combat force in town, you need to have a group for whom combat is the entirety of their job description, because that's their entire job and all they will be asked to do. The same applies for ships, training and equipment, which again the MACOs famously demonstrated on multiple occasions, and most notably in "The Xindi."

Timo said:
If anything, the MACO force comes off like a SWAT or SEAL team, a minor player of very special nature that assists rather than plays it solo.
If that were the case, Archer, Gardner and Hernandez wouldn't have referred to them as "the military."

Timo said:
Certainly it isn't Earth's principal infantry
And you know this how? For all we know there are eight million MACOs in the Solar System. Certainly seems more likely than having an army of Starfleet red shirts whose principle representative (Malcolm) measures up poorly even by MACO standards.

Timo said:
But it is obvious that it is a novel experience for test pilot and explorer Archer and his scientist subordinates, and much less so for his combat crew.
But Archer's "combat crew" consists entirely of Malcolm and, to a lesser extent, Travis. It only ceases to be a new experience with Malcolm insofar as he comes from a military family, so Major Hayes is nothing new to him, not even when the Major completely embarasses him in front of his entire staff by demonstrating what a crappy marksman he is.
 
Yeah... So I think we can chalk-up the inconsistent portrayal of Starfleet on 'Enterprise' to inconsistent writing. No matter how much we try to rationalize it, we're not going to get a concise idea of what Starfleet's main goal was in that time frame because the poor writing forces our hand. In Season One and Two, Starfleet was all about exploration. Then suddenly the Xindi were introduced and, wow, they have military things to do, and, gee, there's this combat force called MACOs. (Wow, is Starfleet, like, the military? Or something?) Then suddenly in Season Four the mission is neither really exploration or military. It's pretty much whatever is convenient.

So I'd say the best explanation (and pretty much as coherent as it's going to get) is this:
Starfleet, pre-2151, was meant to be an exploration and, out of sheer necessity, short range Earth defense (not combat) force. It was about as military as NASA, a pseudo-military using military structures and ranks in some places, but differing completely in others. Vulcan pretty much had Starfleet's exploration hands tied holding back the warp program, and actively dissuaded them from over-militarization (using technology exchanges and trade) though Earth created the MACOs anyway. For some reason, Starfleet officers were poorly trained in areas of defense and combat, maybe because they so rarely left the Sol System that Starfleet didn't 'waste time' with it, or maybe humanity was determined to prove to the Vulcans they weren't building a space military.

The Enterprise mission, with its contact with so many hostile races, forced Starfleet to rethink their lack of defensive preparedness. (Enterprise's crew had to think up a lot of new defensive procedures, which previously had simply been 'See enemy, shoot enemy.' Naturally, with a lack of experience, they weren't very good at it.) The Vulcans disagreed, but like with the Enterprise mission by now Starfleet didn't really care.

So Starfleet's original purpose was exploration and defense as required by the Vulcans, but the Xindi (and more importantly Romulans *ahem*) forced humanity's hand into making Starfleet a partial-military rather than a pseudo-military.

That's about as much sense as I can make of it all, anyway.

:rommie:
 
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