Following that inaccurate description to an extremity, that would mean that marines are not stationed anywhere (permanently). Not starbases, starships, moons, or planets.
I'm sure Starfleet has dedicated troop transports which can transport entire regiments of marines to anywhere they're needed. This would be especially useful for large scale engagements, such as the Klingon or Dominion Wars.
I mean, they'd have to be stationed somewhere when they're not actively engaged in battle...
We're not likely to see marines in DSC, because Discovery would surely be too small to support a marine detachment, but I'm sure other, larger vessels such as the Constitution class could carry a company of troops. And of course DSC could always team up with another ship which carried them, if the episode requires it.
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