Years ago for another website I did I review of the first five volumes of the Blish adaptations, running down the differences between them and the TV episodes and also adding my own observations. I offer a reprint of that now for this thread.
James Blish achieved the monumental task of adapting every single episode of Star Trek for his series of tie-in books. Actually Blish had completed all but a small handful of the episodes at the time of his death, the remainder were completed by his widow J.A. Lawrence. Blish strived as much as possible to make his adaptations as accurate as possible, however in the early volumes he was often working from early drafts of scripts. Also, the publishing company in the early years put a limit on the length of each book, meaning that Blish had to cram seven or eight episodes into a book of little more than a hundred pages and had necessarily to truncate events in some of those adaptations. Fans who did not know any better sometimes criticized Blish for those shortcomings, which were obviously not his fault. Reading some of those earlier volumes actually gives the TOS fan an insight into how the plot and events of many classic Trek episodes looked before the script was changed to a final draft. And in the later volumes, when Blish was finally given a reasonable book length to work with and better scripts, the adaptations give the Trek fan a chance to occassionally see scenes which were in a final draft of a script but cut from the final print so that they never appeared on screen. So I thought it would be fun to go through the Blish books one by one and examine key differences between his adaptations and the episodes we saw on TV.
Here's some of my observations from volume one of Blish's adaptations:
CHARLIE'S LAW: Of course, this was an earlier working title for "Charlie X". Despite the early title, this adaptation is very faithful to the episode as it aired. There are some differences in dialogue, and several aired scenes omitted from Blish's take, but all in all this is one of the most accurate of the early Blish versions. A couple of minor noticable differences: after Charlie shows indifference to the destruction of the Antares, Kirk berates him, causing Charlie to cry. The chess game between Charlie and Spock in which Charlie melts a chess piece is not present here. The crewman named Sam whom Charlie makes disappear in the gym is given a last name (Ellis) and appears back on the bridge at the end of the story along with Yeoman Rand. The scene where Charlie makes Rand go away and where Kirk and Spock try to trap him with a force field, seperate events in the episode, are combined as one in Blish's version. Kirk asks Rand to lure Charlie into her cabin so they can turn the field on him there.
DAGGER OF THE MIND: Again, pretty faithful to the aired episode, but much more truncated. One notable omission is the whole affair with Spock learning the truth from Van Gelder via the mind meld. Also, at the end of the episode Kirk has to undergo therapy via the Neural Neutralizer to deprogram him of his love for Helen, I don't think this was mentioned in the episode. There is no mention in the adaptation of the Neutralizer being dismantled as Van Gelder was said to have done in the show.
THE UNREAL MCCOY: Known to viewers as "The Man Trap", I'm not sure if "Unreal McCoy" was an actual working title for this episode or an invention of Blish's. The Craters are named the Bierces here, the planet they are on is Regulus VIII instead of M-113. The deaths of crewman Green and Sturgeon do not occur in the adaptation, those characters do not appear, nor does the scene where the creature appears as Uhura's fantasy man. Kirk does not have to stun Crater/Bierce to get him aboard the ship.
BALANCE OF TERROR: Again, pretty faithful to the aired episode. There is much dialogue in this adaptation which does not appear in the episode and is either present in an earlier version of the script or invented wholly by Blish. One major change is that Stiles dies along with Tomlinson and another crewman in the final Romulan attack, so that he never gets the chance to repent his bigotry that he got in the show.
THE NAKED TIME: Unfortunately, this adaptation suffers the most from truncation and is the weakest of those in the first volume. The name of the disintegrating planet, called Psi 2000 in the show, is here ULAPG42821DB, or "La Pig" for short. Just about every memorable scene from the aired episode is missing from this extremely brief adaptation, and even the final time-travel ploy the crew employ to escape their predicament is absent.
MIRI: Although one of the lengthier adaptations from volume one, Blish's take on Miri leaves out a lot of the action from the aired episodes. Particularly, the scenes featuring the other children besides Miri are absent, and Jahn and the other kids do not appear until the end. Blish spends a lot of time, as he did in "The Naked Time", explaining how the disease works, he apparently enjoyed elaborating on the biological aspect of such stories. There is also no presence of the "just like Earth" element, the planet in the adaptation is said to be an early Earth colony, and its solar system given as 70 Ophiucus.
THE CONSCIENCE OF THE KING: Lt. Kevin Riley's role in this episode is replaced in the adaptation by a Lt. Robert Daiken, which was the name in the script before Bruce Hyde was slated to reprise his part in "The Naked Time." Otherwise, the adaptation is fairly complete and faithful. In the TV series, this was Yeoman Rand's last episode and she did not get a line of dialogue. Here, she gets to speak. She also informs Kirk of the death of Thomas Leighton, so he does not discover the doctor's body as he did in the episode. Also, the scene where the phaser goes on overload in Kirk's cabin is omitted.
Notes on volume two:
This is the one volume where space was at a premium. Adapting eight episodes into one slim volume meant Blish had to do massive editing and condensing work, and had to eliminate all but the most essential bare-bones scenes for most of the episodes. While again, several memorable moments are lost from some of the episodes, Blish's second volume is an overall improvement upon the adaptations of the first.
ARENA: This is the most abbreviated of all the Blish adaptations, but is still accurate. Blish condenses the entire first half of the episodes down to a few paragraphs and loses nothing essential in the process, while still providing an exciting description of the battle between Kirk and the Gorn.
Of course, "Arena" is one of two Star Trek episodes to be based on an original science-fiction short story (the other is "Catspaw", which Robert Bloch adapted from his own "Broomstick Ride.") As far as I can tell, Bantam did not have to get any extra special reprint rights to retell the Trek version of "Arena".
A TASTE OF ARMAGEDDON: Again, faithful to the episode in the main, while eliminating much of the action/chase/fight sequences that pad the aired version. The sequence where Ambassador Fox beams down from the ship and has his life endangered is the most notable casualty.
TOMORROW IS YESTERDAY: The year in which the Enterprise travels back to is given as 1970 instead of 1967 as in the episode. Christopher's son was supposed to have headed the Earth-Titan probe instead of the Earth-Saturn one.
Eliminated from this episode is the entire subplot about the crew having to beam down to Earth to recover the film taken of them. While doing this didn't make much sense in the actual episode, its absence removes a lot of the eventfulness of this time trip.
This story contains one of Blish's in-references to his own original works. It is mentioned that it is not safe for the Enterprise to travel anywhere in the 20th century because of most of space being dominated by the "Vegan Tyranny". The Vegan Tyranny is the galactic empire of Blish's Cities In Flight books.
ERRAND OF MERCY: Another faithful adaptation which also trims down a lot of unessential chase and action sequences. There is a confusing reference to the Klingons being "originally of Oriental stock(!)" This probably is culled from Gene Coon's original conception of the Klingons as intergalactic Mongols.
Most of the dialogue survives from the original, and it emerges as one of the better adaptations of the second volume.
COURT-MARTIAL: Another good adaptation with a little difference in the resolution from the actual episode. Jame Finney (note that her name is spelled differently in the adaptation) actually puts in an appearance in the engine room during the showdown between Kirk and Finney. The sight of her causes' Finney's resolve to break, and does not make it necessary for Kirk to fight him.
OPERATION-ANNIHILATE!: As has been discussed earlier on this board, this adaptation contains a number of differences from the aired episode, most notably the lack of Kirk's brother being involved. A woman called Aurelean does appear in the story, as a regular Denevan citizen. She is given considerably more to do in this version of the story and helps with the plan to destroy the creatures; she also does not die as Aurelean Kirk did in the TV episode. The plan to destroy the creatures in this version does not involve exposing them to ultra-violet light, but in destroying their homeworld which serves as the "brain" controlling the amobea-creatures on other worlds. The subplot of Spock's being temporarily blinded is also absent from this version.
THE CITY ON THE EDGE OF FOREVER: Of course, this has to be considered one of Blish's finest adaptations, especially considering the constrictions he was working under for this particular collection. Despite the number of different drafts Blish was working from, the adaptation does not differ markedly from the TV episode. Blish does add Harlan Ellison's original script tag on to this episode, perhaps the one part of Harlan's script worth preserving, and it turns out to work well and is a fine decision. Another in-joke by Blish - Spock compares Edith Keeler to Bonner the Stochastic, a character from his novels.
SPACE SEED: Another fairly accurate adaptation. Khan's full name is given as Sibahl Khan Noonien instead of Khan Noonian Singh. The final battle to recapture Khan somewhat disappointingly occurs "offstage." Kirk, who gives the name of the planet Khan and McGivers are exiled to in the Tv show (Ceti Alpha V), keeps in anonymous in the story. Kirk is given a rather prophetic final line in this adaptation!
Notes on volume three . . .
THE TROUBLE WITH TRIBBLES: As mentioned before, this adaptation has Sulu play the part given to Chekov in the aired version. This of course eliminates the opening teaser, with Chekov identifying astronomer John Burke as the Russian Burkoff. Sadly, most of the other humor is lost from the adaptation as well, including the bar fight and its aftermath. Scotty's final tag line, "There'll be no tribble at all" appears here as the "I trust all their tribbles will be big ones."
THE LAST GUNFIGHT (Spectre Of The Gun): In the main faithful to the aired episode, and even with a couple of elements added. Blish has Kirk inacurrately give the name of the sheriff as "Billy Behan" instead of "Johnny." Spock refers back to the events of "City On The Edge Of Forever," which he does not do in the aired episode. When the landing party tries to leave the OK Corral before the gunfight; instead of being stopped by an electrical barrier like they are in the aired version, they simply wind back up in the corral no matter which route away from it they take. The adaptation does contain a nice scene concluding bit of dialogue between Kirk and Spock which does not appear in the TV show, in which the captain calls his first officer "a sentimental bag of mush" because of the what he said to each individual during the mind meld. Another bit of dialougue presented here which did not survive to TV is during McCoy's visit to Doc Holiday. McCoy tells Holiday he is also from Georgia, and Holiday responds that it's a shame he will have to kill another Georgia man with so many Yankees in Tombstone. McCoy also offers to treat Holiday's tubercolosis. The Melkotian in the adaptation is described as a humanoid, in contrast to the scrodlike alien who appears onscreen.
THE DOOMSDAY MACHINE: The commander of the Constellation's first name is given as "Brand" instead of "Matt." He survives the encounter with the planet-killer (because the sequence where he steals the shuttlecraft is eliminated) and at the end of the adaptation expresses contrition to Kirk for usurping command of the Enterprise. The climactic sequence in which Kirk is beamed away from the wreck of the Constellation as it enters the doomsday machine to self-destruct is much less suspenseful in the adaptation than it is in the aired episode.
ASSIGNMENT: EARTH: One of the most condensed of Blish's early episodes. The character of Roberta Lincoln barely appears in this adaptation and is not given the importance she was in the TV episode, she is not even named. The whole sequence in which Kirk and Spock are captured by the feds at the rocket base is also cut out in this bare-bones retelling.
MIRROR, MIRROR: The plot points of Marlenna Moreau and the Tantulus Field are trimmed from Blish's take on this story. Also all the hand-to-hand fights depicted in the Televised version, including the alternate Chekov's attempt on Kirk's life. The captain who preceded Kirk in the mirror universe is given as "Karl Franz" instead of Chistopher Pike. When Kirk is beamed by the alternate Spock back to his own universe at the end of the story, he is required to stun Spock with his phaser just after he activates the controls so that the others on the ISS Enterprise will think Spock was overpowered by the party.
FRIDAY'S CHILD: Another adaptation that has a lot of differences (probably due to an earlier draft script) to what eventually came out on screen. The biggest difference is that Eleen does not survive the episode, being executed by Maab for infidelity after she bears the child. Maab, however, does survive the adaptation instead of being killed as he was in the TV version. The Klingon Kras does not appear in Blish's story, nor does the security guard who was killed in the first few minutes of the TV show. The Klingons are mentioned as being involved in an offstage role, however. The planet is said to be in the Ceres star sytem rather than Capella.
AMOK TIME: Faithful to the TV version in the main, and suffers less from condensation than most of the stories of volume three. Probably the best and most accurate adaptation overall in the volume.