I think there needs to be more planetary defenses for Earth with an outer defense perimeter around the orbit of Pluto, and an inner defense perimeter around the orbit of Mars, ideally thise defense system will be composed of ummanned drones that can fire photon and quantum torpodoes, as well as phasers for smaller targets, also starbases need to be heavily armed, and Spacedock also needs to be armed to protect it from attack, regarding the need for a standing armyu, I think this is needed in order to give a more robust ground capability for Starfleet personel, say armored vehicles armed with phasers or matter/antimatter artillery shells, and tube artillery that fires matter/antimatter artillery shells, also APCs are needed, this will give Starfleet a more formidable ground attack capability if they need it, and may be needed against a faction that has armored assets, against which light infantry armed with only phasers will be at a very big disadvantage, also, Starfleet personel need to be equipped with some sort of body armor to guard against phaser blasts on a low setting, or glancing blows from phasers. WHen I am talking about a standing army, I am thnking more along the line of a Galactic Empire style standing army, with about 800000 men, although it would use caterpillar tracks instead of feet for its armored assets.