Hi there... I work for NM State Forestry (The home of Smokey Bear), and am a wildland firefighter, so hopefully I can shed some light into it.
The Smokey Bear ad campaign grew out of the need to be vigilant during WWII when the threat from fire bombing from the Japanese (real or not) but more importantly the threat of human caused fires put our nation's wood supply in danger.. Lumber was an important part of the war effort, etc etc...
So the Bear was devised as a way to make people more aware of the danger. The slogan "Only You..." was found to be an effective tool that grew beyond its initial purpose.. It's catchy and easy to remember.
Time was that "Forest Fires" were all a bad thing.. For 100 years, any fire was considered bad, and something that must be suppressed. You can also add to that issue, envrionmental policies and lawsuits have virtually halted mechanical thinnings on many federal lands, but that is another soapbox I'll let the feds handle.
About 30 years ago, we discovered that our science about fire was wrong.We realized that naturally caused fires can do good in areas where they can safely be allowed to burn with low intensity, clearing the ground debris and smaller trees that compete with the big growth trees for water and sunshine. Natural fire along with mechanical treatments and prescribed fire brings the landscape back to pre-settlement conditions.
So, with this new realization, it was also found that Smokey's message about "Forest Fires" was too narrow in scope and it was changed to "Wildfires," to better represent the idea that all human caused fires are a potential threat to lives and communities. Not all forest fires are bad, so it presented a problematic mixed message.
For agencies like mine, changing the term to "Wildfire" also helps us convey the message to land not covered with trees. In the past few years, our biggest problem in New Mexico hasn't been our millions of acres of forests, but our millions of acres of rangeland. Hundreds of thousands of acres of grass and brush covered lands have burned here in the past 4 years, almost exclusively due to human causes.
Hopefully that answers a few questions. Also, while we're on the subject and just in case you're wondering, please remember that there's no "the" in Smokey Bear..
