One might speculate that an ounce of antimatter going kaboom could result in a "spread out" explosion: if the annihilation starts from the inside of the lump (thanks to the design of the detonation mechanism), the rest of the annihilation will take place several miles away from the detonation point because that's where the outer layers of antimatter will be flung. Perhaps that helps with sending some of the atmosphere to escape velocity?
We could also pick to pieces the concept of "ripping away" an atmosphere. Does this "away" thing mean the explosion tears the atmosphere away from its original position and moves it to some other position? Or does the phrase mean that the atmosphere will stay in place but will be "ripped away" there? The latter could easily be true - a majority of the air molecules could be ionized across a hemisphere if the explosion were powerful enough and the nature of the atmosphere suitable for the phenomenon.
The "shock waves" Spock warns about might in turn be unrelated to the atmosphere or its ripping, and directly related to the explosion itself. We know that photon torpedo detonations create shock waves through empty space, even if we don't know the mechanism of that. Radiation wavefronts, surges of thinly spread antimatter, subspace weirdness? No matter, the shock waves are there in the usual case, and don't require an atmosphere.
So, the poor planetoid at Tycho gets a rough handling but doesn't really lose any significant part of its atmosphere to outer space. And Spock is still literally correct about everything, including using 28 grams of antimatter.
Timo Saloniemi
We could also pick to pieces the concept of "ripping away" an atmosphere. Does this "away" thing mean the explosion tears the atmosphere away from its original position and moves it to some other position? Or does the phrase mean that the atmosphere will stay in place but will be "ripped away" there? The latter could easily be true - a majority of the air molecules could be ionized across a hemisphere if the explosion were powerful enough and the nature of the atmosphere suitable for the phenomenon.
The "shock waves" Spock warns about might in turn be unrelated to the atmosphere or its ripping, and directly related to the explosion itself. We know that photon torpedo detonations create shock waves through empty space, even if we don't know the mechanism of that. Radiation wavefronts, surges of thinly spread antimatter, subspace weirdness? No matter, the shock waves are there in the usual case, and don't require an atmosphere.
So, the poor planetoid at Tycho gets a rough handling but doesn't really lose any significant part of its atmosphere to outer space. And Spock is still literally correct about everything, including using 28 grams of antimatter.
Timo Saloniemi