Lets see If I can try and construct a variable sequence from the information
AU: Nero arrives > George Kirk killed, James T Kirk born in Space > Kirk enters Starfleet slightly late > Pike is promoted to Admiral > Kirk promoted to Captain...
PU: No Nero > James T Kirk born on Earth > Christopher Pike commands an 11 year mission > Captain Kirk takes command of the Enterprise > TOS > Spock undergoes Pon' Farr > TOS movies > TNG
As far as I can tell, Nero's appearance in the AU only changed minor events. Perhaps the mission to Talos would occur with Kirk instead of Pike, but not much else, everything just kind of happened faster in the AU. But there will be problems later, for instance Spock's Pon' Farr, he cannot return to Vulcan, so he would have to find a Vulcan where there is only 10,000. This could be a problem
The way I see is the AU is a completely different reality, the inhabitants are more or less the same as their counterparts, but things happen differently. I would argue that the technology in the AU is much more advanced for the same technology in the PU. Argue all you want about TOS being a 60's production. It makes much more sense to conclude that the technology is better, otherwise how would the Kelvin stand 1 hit, let alone several and survive long enough to complete a collision course?