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Hubble finds Pluto's 5th "moon"

Having had a teacher dock me marks for capitalizing Earth in a paragraph I wrote about the planets (it was news to her that Earth is a planet, just like Saturn), I understand that there are some really ignorant teachers. But what mnemonic would they use to memorize the planets' names?
Mary's Violet Eyes Made John Stay Up Nights Proposing
Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune Pluto

Drop the Pluto and it's:
Mary's Violet Eyes Made John Stay Up Nightly
Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune

Which sounds slightly dirty, but adding Ceres and Sedna and god knows what else would make it a lot more awkward.

Maybe...
Mary's Violent Episodes Made Carl Jump Under Naughty Plastic Sexdolls

:shrug:

If kids can be expected to memorize the names of 50 states and their capitals...
Are they?

Because between my two oldest kids and most of their friends, I doubt any of them could name more than six of them without using google.
Are you American? If so... yikes. In my geography classes, we were expected to know the Canadian provinces/capitals, the US states, and a hefty chunk of the countries of the world. In my college geography classes, we were expected to know countries, major bodies of water, and ocean currents. Mind you, the instructor informed us that he would never ask us to label the East Australia Current on an exam because it would be too easy - "Unless you do not know where Australia is!" :lol: Maybe it's time to bring back "Where in the World is Carmen Sandiego?" on TV. Even as an adult, I loved that show.
My girls are 11 and 7 years old, so I think that'd be asking a bit much of them.

Also, they go to public school.
 
Having had a teacher dock me marks for capitalizing Earth in a paragraph I wrote about the planets (it was news to her that Earth is a planet, just like Saturn), I understand that there are some really ignorant teachers. But what mnemonic would they use to memorize the planets' names?
Mary's Violet Eyes Made John Stay Up Nights Proposing
Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune Pluto

Drop the Pluto and it's:
Mary's Violet Eyes Made John Stay Up Nightly
Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune

Which sounds slightly dirty, but adding Ceres and Sedna and god knows what else would make it a lot more awkward.

Maybe...
Mary's Violent Episodes Made Carl Jump Under Naughty Plastic Sexdolls

:shrug:
What is your obsession with "Mary"? :confused: These convoluted sentences seem much harder to remember than the actual planets' names.

Are they?

Because between my two oldest kids and most of their friends, I doubt any of them could name more than six of them without using google.
Are you American? If so... yikes. In my geography classes, we were expected to know the Canadian provinces/capitals, the US states, and a hefty chunk of the countries of the world. In my college geography classes, we were expected to know countries, major bodies of water, and ocean currents. Mind you, the instructor informed us that he would never ask us to label the East Australia Current on an exam because it would be too easy - "Unless you do not know where Australia is!" :lol: Maybe it's time to bring back "Where in the World is Carmen Sandiego?" on TV. Even as an adult, I loved that show.
My girls are 11 and 7 years old, so I think that'd be asking a bit much of them.

Also, they go to public school.
Why is it asking "a bit much" of an 11-year-old to know more than 6 out of 50 states? I knew all 10 provinces and 2 territories of Canada by the time I was 6 (we have 3 territories now, but at the time I was 6, there were only two).

And what does public school have to do with anything? Geography is geography, whether it's of the Solar System or in a geopolitical sense of correctly using a map.

Oh, and when I was a kid, we had a mnemonic for remembering how to spell "geography": George Edward's Old Granny Rode A Pig Home Yesterday.
 
It's convenient and expedient for EVERYONE, not merely for certain people. No living person has invested enough of anything in Pluto -- let alone in the definition of "planet" -- to be inconvenienced by this definition.

:confused: What the hell has convenience got to do with anything? I'm talking about the difference between classifications that are based in meaningful science and classifications that are not. For instance, it is scientificaly valid to say that humans and chimpanzees belong to the same taxonomic family because of the well-documented genetic and anatomical relationship between them, but it was not scientifically valid for people in the past to say that black people were nonhuman, because that assessment was based in ideology or in bad, corrupt science that was warped by ideology and prejudice.

The point is that planetary scientists will base their definitions of things on actual, meaningful scientific differences or relationships between them, and whether the public finds those definitions "convenient" is completely irrelevant to that. So whatever the heck it is that you're talking about, it's not what I'm talking about.


Politics would be if there was actually a faction of scientists whose interests in some way depended on the fact that Pluto is one of the major planets in the solar system, or if there was a colonial movement that would find it hard to get investors if they had to keep explaining to people why a dwarf planet was as interesting as a regular planet, and so on. IOW, politics implies the favoring of one group of interests at the expense of others.

Oh, that's the problem -- your definitions are in error. That's not politics you're talking about, it's partisanship. Admittedly, in the US today, partisanship has so fully overwhelmed the political process that the two seem interchangeable, but they are distinct concepts. Politics is simply the art or science of administering an authority structure or institution. Saith Wikipedia, "It consists of 'social relations involving authority or power' and... the methods and tactics used to formulate and apply policy." In this case, I'm talking about a decision by an authority structure, the IAU, that had a position of power within an institution, the scientific establishment. Your thesis (which I do not accept as true but am responding to for the sake of discussion) was that it made its decision about nomenclature on the basis of what would be easier for schoolchildren to remember -- in other words, a decision made by an authority structure based upon beliefs about the convenience of the institution of education, rather than anything to do with the actual physical traits or relationships of the astronomical objects themselves. That is why it's political rather than scientific.

Also, as I keep having to point out, this is not specifically about Pluto. If it were, there would've been no reason to create a new category. The reason we needed a dwarf planet category is because we now know that Pluto is just one of a new class of body that now has five official members, dozens of possible members, and a projection of several hundred members suspected to exist in the Kuiper Belt alone, perhaps thousands in the entire outer system. Dwelling on Pluto alone is missing the entire point -- and ignoring the coolest thing to happen to Solar System astronomy since the Voyager probes reached Jupiter.


Which is exactly what they do. Why did you assume otherwise?

I don't. You were the one who assumed otherwise by insisting that it would be problematical to teach students about more than 8-9 planets. I was just suggesting one possible way of approaching the subject that kept it simple while also acknowledging the existence of dwarf planets.


They DON'T use it at all. I repeat: this definition was meant to make things easier for school teachers and children.

You know, repeating something doesn't actually prove it. You have yet to cite your sources for that allegation. I avidly followed the news about the redefinition debate back in 2006, and I have no memory of anyone involved with the decision stating that that was the reason for it.
 
Having had a teacher dock me marks for capitalizing Earth in a paragraph I wrote about the planets (it was news to her that Earth is a planet, just like Saturn), I understand that there are some really ignorant teachers. But what mnemonic would they use to memorize the planets' names?
Mary's Violet Eyes Made John Stay Up Nights Proposing
Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune Pluto

Drop the Pluto and it's:
Mary's Violet Eyes Made John Stay Up Nightly
Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune

Which sounds slightly dirty, but adding Ceres and Sedna and god knows what else would make it a lot more awkward.

Maybe...
Mary's Violent Episodes Made Carl Jump Under Naughty Plastic Sexdolls

:shrug:
What is your obsession with "Mary"? :confused: These convoluted sentences seem much harder to remember than the actual planets' names.
Except for the third one (obviously) these were the actual ones they used in my school. I always felt sorry for the kids who had to use it to remember the planets' names. I felt even more sorry for my teacher.

Why is it asking "a bit much" of an 11-year-old to know more than 6 out of 50 states?
AND their capitals?
 
I learned about astronomy so early in life that it startled me when I discovered in my 20s or so that there was a mnemonic for the order of the planets. For me that was like needing a mnemonic for the alphabet.

Besides, in my day we had Interplanet Janet.
 
:confused: What the hell has convenience got to do with anything? I'm talking about the difference between classifications that are based in meaningful science and classifications that are not.
Changing pluto's definition was based on meaningful science. The NEED for the change in the first place was for convenience.

The point is that planetary scientists will base their definitions of things on actual, meaningful scientific differences or relationships between them, and whether the public finds those definitions "convenient" is completely irrelevant to that.
Not to the IAU it isn't. You forget that one of their main jobs isn't so much to regulate astronomy and scientific conventions so much as to manage outreach programs designed to inspire and encourage students to become astronomers in the first place. So making astronomical definitions really convenient fits well in line with their goals.

So whatever the heck it is that you're talking about, it's not what I'm talking about.
I'm not sure what you're talking about, but it looks like you're trying to redirect your personal butthurt over pluto's demotion into a rational argument. I'm not sure it's working.

Oh, that's the problem -- your definitions are in error. That's not politics you're talking about, it's partisanship.
No, it's politics.

When your HR lady passes over five qualified candidates and fills the position with the one person in the office who didn't work with the outgoing supervisor, that's politics.

When on the eve of an election the Mayor approves some extra construction projects in the part of town where nobody voted for him last time, that's politics.

When the State Department refuses to recognize the People's Republic of China for over five decades and continues to pretend that Taiwan is the legitimate government of China, that's politics.

Now in contrast:
Pepsi company decides that Cherry Pepsi shall now be known as "Zaphod Cola." That is NOT politics. That is marketing. In exactly the same way that Pluto being reclassified a "dwarf planet" is not a political decision, because that decision affects the disposition of a THING -- an inanimate object billions of miles away -- and it does not affect PEOPLE.

Also, as I keep having to point out, this is not specifically about Pluto. If it were, there would've been no reason to create a new category. The reason we needed a dwarf planet category is because we now know that Pluto is just one of a new class of body that now has five official members, dozens of possible members, and a projection of several hundred members suspected to exist in the Kuiper Belt alone, perhaps thousands in the entire outer system. Dwelling on Pluto alone is missing the entire point -- and ignoring the coolest thing to happen to Solar System astronomy since the Voyager probes reached Jupiter.
So why are you dwelling on Pluto?

Which is exactly what they do. Why did you assume otherwise?

I don't. You were the one who assumed otherwise by insisting that it would be problematical to teach students about more than 8-9 planets.
It is. Which is why placing pluto in a separate category was -- to them, at least -- a good way to reorganize the solar system to make categorizing easier. Those categories can be ignored or expanded upon as needed.

Thus a second grader probably isn't going to memorize the moons of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune, and therefore isn't going to know the dwarf planets either. A 5th grader will, however, and a 7th grader will have to tell you at least one known characteristic about each of those moons and dwarf planets.

The IAU was catering to the lowest common denominator on this one, which is why the new definition makes virtually no difference.

They DON'T use it at all. I repeat: this definition was meant to make things easier for school teachers and children.

You know, repeating something doesn't actually prove it. You have yet to cite your sources for that allegation. I avidly followed the news about the redefinition debate back in 2006, and I have no memory of anyone involved with the decision stating that that was the reason for it.
Which is weird, because I followed the news too and that was literally the ONLY coherent reason they ever gave for the change. Yes, the issue with the dwarf planets in the Kuiper Belt came up, but in the end it came down to the question of whether or not they really wanted a solar system with lots of planets in messy orbits or a handful of planets in tidy orbits. When they decided on the latter, journalists asked officials present in the discussions what finally tipped the balance and the answer was invariably some variation on "We don't want to confuse the children."
 
FYI, I had to learn all the states and capitols in 4th grade (9 years old, 1983-1984 for me).

And I've never heard that particular mnemonic before. I'd always heard "My Very Excellent Mother Just Served Us Nine Pies". Personally, I changed it to "My Very Excellent Mother Just Served Us Nachos"! :D The only reason I even need that is I keep forgetting the order of Uranus and Neptune.
 
Changing pluto's definition was based on meaningful science. The NEED for the change in the first place was for convenience.

That's completely untrue. The need for the change was based on legitimate science. As I already said, many scientists rejected the idea of treating Pluto as a planet long before 2006. Astronomers were never happy calling it a planet, because it was unlike any planet they'd ever discovered. But they grudgingly placed it in that category because they didn't have a better alternative. And many scientists chose not to call it a planet, saying it was more of a giant comet or something. Here's what the Internet Stellar Database had to say about it, on a page that was last updated in February 2000, six and a half years before the official redefinition:

http://www.stellar-database.com/Scripts/search_star.exe?Name=sol
The "8" in the Detected Planets entry is not an error. Pluto is not a "planet," but a huge, close-orbiting, low-eccentricity Kuiper Belt object. With a big moon. Of course, some die-hards out there still insist that it really is a planet, more for sentimental reasons than anything else. They're welcome to live in their little fantasy world. Neener neener.

So there was a legitimate scientific reason to change the definition, because the existing "definition" was more just a stopgap for lack of a better alternative. The problem is that the specific definition that was selected by the IAU was more the result of hasty compromise than scientific consensus. Many scientists have criticized the process that led to the final definition and are unhappy with the result, considering some of its parameters to be poorly conceived or arbitrary. Not to mention that the actual vote was conducted by less than 5 percent of the astronomical community and is thus not a true consensus.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IAU_definition_of_planet#Criticism

So I'm sorry, but you have it backward. There was a legitimate scientific need to create a new category for bodies such as Pluto, Ceres, Eris, and Sedna, but the actual, specific definition that resulted owed more to politics and expediency than it did to actual scientific reasoning.


I'm not sure what you're talking about, but it looks like you're trying to redirect your personal butthurt over pluto's demotion into a rational argument. I'm not sure it's working.

Okay, I think you're having the same problem I sometimes have online, which is losing track of which specific person you're talking to. I'm the one who insisted earlier in the thread that it's completely wrong to see this as a "demotion" for Pluto in any way. I'm the one who thinks it's a promotion for Pluto, who thinks that Pluto is much better off being the archetype of a whole exciting new class of astronomical objects than it ever was being the runt of the planetary litter. And I'm the one who keeps reminding everyone that it's not just about Pluto itself, that what's so important and exciting and cool about this is that Pluto is just one of potentially thousands of dwarf planets.


No, it's politics.

Again: just restating the same position does not prove it true. Yes, partisanship is one type of politics, but it's not the only aspect of politics, no matter how much modern American society has become obsessed with it to the exclusion of all else.

And you know, I think this must be why you're being so needlessly confrontational and treating this as an argument rather than a civil exploration of ideas, a reaction which has really puzzled me given that, by your own admission, there isn't really anything at stake here to get so hostile over. You're too caught up in the current American malaise of assuming everything must be intensely polarized between intractable opposites.


So why are you dwelling on Pluto?

I'm not. I'm talking about the creation of the dwarf planet category. You're the one who's mistakenly assuming (along with most other laypeople) that that topic is exclusively about Pluto, so what you perceive, as filtered through your own assumptions, is me talking about Pluto.

Personally, I'm far more interested in Ceres, since it's a major setting in my novel Only Superhuman.


Which is weird, because I followed the news too and that was literally the ONLY coherent reason they ever gave for the change. Yes, the issue with the dwarf planets in the Kuiper Belt came up, but in the end it came down to the question of whether or not they really wanted a solar system with lots of planets in messy orbits or a handful of planets in tidy orbits. When they decided on the latter, journalists asked officials present in the discussions what finally tipped the balance and the answer was invariably some variation on "We don't want to confuse the children."

Seriously? You're taking what they said to reporters as the unvarnished truth? I'm sorry, but reporters never get science news right. They have far more trouble understanding science than actual children do. So scientists have to dumb it down for them and reduce it to terms they can understand, and then the reporters go out and misrepresent it anyway. You can't trust any perception of the scientific process that's filtered through what the mass media tell you. At best, what they told the press was just a partial explanation of their reasons, biased toward the stuff that reporters would understand or care about.

(I followed the discussion mainly through astronomy blogs and the frequently-updated Wikipedia article, which were put together by people who actually understood the science of what was being discussed. But mainstream media? No way should you trust them to tell you anything about science news.)
 
So there was a legitimate scientific reason to change the definition, because the existing "definition" was more just a stopgap for lack of a better alternative.
It wasn't a stopgap at all, it was just a difference of opinion among a handful of scientists on a relatively low tiered label. Had it not been for the existence of Sedna and other trans-neptunians, the definition never would have been changed in the first place. There would have been no NEED to change it, since otherwise it would have been merely a pedantic debate over whether or not pluto deserved to be called a planet or something else. As it stands, the existence of those additional planetoids means the debate is just as shallow and only slightly less pedantic than it otherwise would be.

So I'm sorry, but you have it backward. There was a legitimate scientific need to create a new category for bodies such as Pluto, Ceres, Eris, and Sedna

There wasn't a NEED for it at all. They could just as easily have applied the existing definition to the dwarf planets and redrawn the solar system with a lot more "planets" than it currently has. The problem was nobody knew how many other dwarf planets might be lurking out there, and they didn't want to be setting themselves up to a solar system with 20+ planets of which 10 were complete unknowns that had barely even been photographed.

The impetus for the change is scientifically meaningless, even if the new definition ITSELF is scientifically sound. Partly this is because even the word "planet" is itself an anachronism, leftover from the days before anyone really knew what starts or planets were and the only difference between them was that some of them moved and some of them didn't.

Okay, I think you're having the same problem I sometimes have online, which is losing track of which specific person you're talking to. I'm the one who insisted earlier in the thread that it's completely wrong to see this as a "demotion" for Pluto in any way. I'm the one who thinks it's a promotion for Pluto, who thinks that Pluto is much better off being the archetype of a whole exciting new class of astronomical objects than it ever was being the runt of the planetary litter. And I'm the one who keeps reminding everyone that it's not just about Pluto itself, that what's so important and exciting and cool about this is that Pluto is just one of potentially thousands of dwarf planets.
Then I'm not sure what you're complaining about. Clearly you acknowledge that all of those minor planets floating around out there are an organizational nightmare if you afford all of them "planet" status. Astronomers don't mind having these enormous categories with hundreds of examplars that they have to know off the top of their head. Even amateurs and science geeks don't mind, which is why most of us here on this board can name all of the planets, most of the major moons and even a few of the asteroids and dwarf planets.

There is, however, a specific type of person who DOES mind that sort of thing. That type of person is not a minority population, and the IAU had this in mind when they changed the definitions. They wanted to keep everything neat and tidy and also keep the astronomers happy. It was purely a matter of branding and convenience.

The reality is the solar system is NOT convenient and neither is astronomy, really. Much in astronomy is actually kind of arbitrary and a little irritating for laypeople, and exacerbating this risks turning young students off to the entire affair.

Again: just restating the same position does not prove it true. Yes, partisanship is one type of politics, but it's not the only aspect of politics, no matter how much modern American society has become obsessed with it to the exclusion of all else.
But I'm not talking about partisanship. Politics is the system of connections between people/groups/cliques and their various personal/private interests. When you remove those interests, it isn't politics anymore, it's just a mechanistic system of forms and protocols commonly known as bureaucracy. It is for this exact reason that bureaucrats are NEVER confused with politicians.

There is almost certainly some political intrigue in the IAU (there is in ANY large organization with lots of money involved) but the redefinition of "planet" doesn't seem to reflect any of this. It appears to have been largely an administrative decision serving a strictly practical agenda. The only people crying "politics!" are the people who DON'T LIKE the change for whatever reason.

I'm not. I'm talking about the creation of the dwarf planet category. You're the one who's mistakenly assuming (along with most other laypeople) that that topic is exclusively about Pluto
We were talking about the creation of the dwarf planet category; you claimed it was a political decision. I said it wasn't, because politics is about people, and nobody lives in Pluto, so those who complain about the politics of "demoting" Pluto are really just whining (I apparently made the mistake of assuming this was a thread about Pluto :vulcan:).

Ultimately, if it WEREN'T for the change of Pluto's status nobody would care about the new definition one way or another. It's not as if there's a Pro-Ceres faction or a Pre-Sedna faction that stands to see their taxes go up if their home planets are suddenly classified as dwarf planets, so this again makes it an entirely apolitical decision.

Personally, I'm far more interested in Ceres, since it's a major setting in my novel Only Superhuman.
And "The Rack Rats."
And "Leviathan Wakes."
And "Tumbler."
And a couple of other really awesome scifi stories whose names I suddenly can't remember.

Seriously? You're taking what they said to reporters as the unvarnished truth? I'm sorry, but reporters never get science news right.
That's why I didn't listen to what the reporters said, but the scientists they interviewed. I invariably try to do this whenever science news breaks, for three reasons:

1) Scientists are stupendous bullshitters.
2) Despite this, most scientists are horrible liars.
3) The easiest way to peddle bullshit as fact is through a press-release; the easiest way to trip up a bullshitter is to ask him to explain his bullshit without looking up his notes.

I hate to be the one to point out that one of the reasons journalists are so bad at reporting science news is that American media has a distressingly high tolerance for bullshit. A particle physicist can tell a roomful of reporters "This device we've just made is capable of making tiny black holes!" and those reporters will then run to their publishers and print that without stopping to think "He's probably exaggerating to make it sound less boring than it really is. Maybe I should ask a few questions?"

I followed the discussion mainly through astronomy blogs and the frequently-updated Wikipedia article, which were put together by people who actually understood the science of what was being discussed.
So did I, until it became clear to me that the science wasn't actually being DISCUSSED, just tossed around by competing experts in a gross display of one-upsmanship.

And if you think about the aftermath, you can't really blame them for going the "closed door" approach at the end. The IAU is many things, but I doubt they wanted to be seen as a referee for the giant intellectual soccer match that was (and in some ways still is) the Pluto debate.
 
It wasn't a stopgap at all, it was just a difference of opinion among a handful of scientists on a relatively low tiered label. Had it not been for the existence of Sedna and other trans-neptunians, the definition never would have been changed in the first place. There would have been no NEED to change it, since otherwise it would have been merely a pedantic debate over whether or not pluto deserved to be called a planet or something else.

See, the problem there is that there was no definition to change. The reason the IAU had trouble settling on a definition of "planet" in 2006 is because there had never formally been one among scientists. Since there were so few known members of the category, most of them known from antiquity, it was kind of an "I know it when I see it" sort of thing. (Although there had been previous debates over whether a specific body qualified as a planet. Ceres and other major asteroids were called planets for as much as sixty years before being renamed asteroids. The debate over Pluto is not an unprecedented event.)


As it stands, the existence of those additional planetoids means the debate is just as shallow and only slightly less pedantic than it otherwise would be.

The "debate" isn't what matters. Nomenclature is a trivial point; whatever we label these bodies, there's a fascinating era of discovery going on that can teach us so much more about the Solar System than we knew before.

That's what's sad about this. There's all this really cool, awesome new stuff being discovered, and the lay public is missing it because the press has spun it as an argument over labels and nothing more.


So I'm sorry, but you have it backward. There was a legitimate scientific need to create a new category for bodies such as Pluto, Ceres, Eris, and Sedna

There wasn't a NEED for it at all. They could just as easily have applied the existing definition to the dwarf planets and redrawn the solar system with a lot more "planets" than it currently has. The problem was nobody knew how many other dwarf planets might be lurking out there, and they didn't want to be setting themselves up to a solar system with 20+ planets of which 10 were complete unknowns that had barely even been photographed.

The impetus for the change is scientifically meaningless, even if the new definition ITSELF is scientifically sound. Partly this is because even the word "planet" is itself an anachronism, leftover from the days before anyone really knew what starts or planets were and the only difference between them was that some of them moved and some of them didn't.

Okay, I'll grant you that, but I still think you're focusing on the wrong side of the problem. Part of the issue is your use of "they." That's often a very misleading word. There are different values of "they" in play here -- on the one hand there's the actual astronomical community, which was coming to a growing consensus that the issue of Pluto's status and all the other similar bodies being discovered needed to be addressed, and on the other hand there's the IAU, which got together in 2006 to address that long-simmering issue once the discovery of Eris (and the initial estimate that it was larger than Pluto) brought it to a head.

So I think the difference in our perspectives here is because you're focusing on the 2006 IAU ruling itself and I'm focusing more on the everyday scientific work that preceded it, which is a lot more important.


Then I'm not sure what you're complaining about. Clearly you acknowledge that all of those minor planets floating around out there are an organizational nightmare if you afford all of them "planet" status.

When did I say anything about organization? I would have no problem with calling these bodies planets if that were the decision that had been made; in fact, I've already said that it makes far more sense to call dwarf planets a subset of planets than to say they're somehow not planets. I don't give a damn about what labels schoolchildren are taught. I'm interested in the actual objects themselves and what their qualities are. I'm interested in knowing how many more of them are out there. I don't care what they're called. You can't understand a thing by sticking a label on it; labels usually get in the way of true understanding.


There is, however, a specific type of person who DOES mind that sort of thing. That type of person is not a minority population, and the IAU had this in mind when they changed the definitions. They wanted to keep everything neat and tidy and also keep the astronomers happy. It was purely a matter of branding and convenience.

Again: repeating an assertion does not prove it. If what you're saying is true, you should be able to cite a source. What you're saying sounds like it comes more from personal cynicism than concrete evidence.


But I'm not talking about partisanship. Politics is the system of connections between people/groups/cliques and their various personal/private interests. When you remove those interests, it isn't politics anymore, it's just a mechanistic system of forms and protocols commonly known as bureaucracy.

Who said anything about removing interests? Hell, you're the one who's saying that the decision was based on a group's interests, specifically the interest of educators! That's your position, not mine.


We were talking about the creation of the dwarf planet category; you claimed it was a political decision.

No, you claimed that. You claimed -- and still have not remotely proven -- that it was done based on the exclusive goal of appeasing schoolteachers. By my definition of the word, you are saying it was political. And I do not actually agree with that at all.


I said it wasn't, because politics is about people, and nobody lives in Pluto, so those who complain about the politics of "demoting" Pluto are really just whining (I apparently made the mistake of assuming this was a thread about Pluto :vulcan:).

And I still find that a ridiculous non sequitur and a straw man that insults both our intelligence, because obviously the people you are talking about are the schoolteachers and IAU members.


Ultimately, if it WEREN'T for the change of Pluto's status nobody would care about the new definition one way or another.

Oh, so the actual scientists who are doing the work that actually matters are "nobody" to you?


I hate to be the one to point out that one of the reasons journalists are so bad at reporting science news is that American media has a distressingly high tolerance for bullshit. A particle physicist can tell a roomful of reporters "This device we've just made is capable of making tiny black holes!" and those reporters will then run to their publishers and print that without stopping to think "He's probably exaggerating to make it sound less boring than it really is. Maybe I should ask a few questions?"

Oh, come on, you're getting the cause and effect backward. The reason scientists have to dumb it down is because they know from experience that they have to tailor it to their audience and that most reporters won't understand or care about all this wonderfully fascinating and cool stuff unless the scientists can -- regretfully -- reduce it to something simple or something that can be tied in to Star Trek or Star Wars or something.


And if you think about the aftermath, you can't really blame them for going the "closed door" approach at the end. The IAU is many things, but I doubt they wanted to be seen as a referee for the giant intellectual soccer match that was (and in some ways still is) the Pluto debate.

*sigh* And you're still talking as if Pluto were the only dwarf planet out there. For gods' sake, man, there are maybe thousands of them out there! We may have discovered only the minority of our Solar System so far. Doesn't that excite you? Doesn't that fascinate you? Isn't that so infinitely more worth talking about than all this crap about labels and the media and the IAU? Why does everyone in the lay public think that this petty, puerile bickering over the label of Pluto warrants more interest and attention than this amazing vista of discovery waiting to unfold? Doesn't anyone have a spirit of adventure anymore?
 
It wasn't a stopgap at all, it was just a difference of opinion among a handful of scientists on a relatively low tiered label. Had it not been for the existence of Sedna and other trans-neptunians, the definition never would have been changed in the first place. There would have been no NEED to change it, since otherwise it would have been merely a pedantic debate over whether or not pluto deserved to be called a planet or something else.

See, the problem there is that there was no definition to change. The reason the IAU had trouble settling on a definition of "planet" in 2006 is because there had never formally been one among scientists.
Of course there was. Previously, the definition of "planet" had been "wandering star," IOW it was a catch-all term for stars whose positions were not fixed in the sky and moved relative to other stars and also occasionally underwent retrograde motion. That these planets did this regularly and were not transient objects was implicit in the definition.

That had been the definition for something like 3000 years, AFAIK; astronomers have slowly stopped taking it literally because they now know what the planets ACTUALLY ARE and know the ways that they are different from stars. To even still use the word "planet" in the new definition is an anachronism, much like the term "planetary nebula" which exists only because those types of nebula were sort of round and orb-like, at a time when planets -- viewed through telescopes -- appeared to show small blurry disks.

From the classical definition, what would a "dwarf planet" even be? A pinpoint of light that's smaller than the other pinpoints? No, the new definition takes into account what those so-called "planets" actually are, not merely what they look like from millions of miles away.

That's what's sad about this. There's all this really cool, awesome new stuff being discovered, and the lay public is missing it because the press has spun it as an argument over labels and nothing more.
It's not the press doing that. There IS a pro-pluto faction (for reasons which continue to escape me) among the public and even among scientists. As far as the press is concerned, Vesta and Ceres are bonfide dwarf planets too, which really just makes them slightly less interesting than the major planets because they don't have any pretty colors or a possibility of liquid water which implies the chance of discovering life. Although I believe this will probably change once Dawn gets to Ceres.

So I think the difference in our perspectives here is because you're focusing on the 2006 IAU ruling itself and I'm focusing more on the everyday scientific work that preceded it, which is a lot more important.
The preceding work is important, but as you aptly pointed out, none of that work factored into the IAU's decision. They deliberately ignored it in favor of more simplistic concerns and to avoid getting caught up into the whole "pluto is a planet!" debate.

Ironically this means politics was a factor in this after all, insofar as the IAU was attempting NOT to get involved in scientific politics and boil the entire problem down to the facts.

When did I say anything about organization? I would have no problem with calling these bodies planets if that were the decision that had been made; in fact, I've already said that it makes far more sense to call dwarf planets a subset of planets than to say they're somehow not planets.
AFAIK, Dwarf Planets ARE considered a subset of planets, along with Gas Giants and Rocky Planets. That seems to be a relatively widespread opinion, from what I can tell.

Hell, I just finished playing Mass Effect 2, there are a dozen solar systems with distinct "dwarf planets" zipping around in regular orbits.

Again: repeating an assertion does not prove it. If what you're saying is true, you should be able to cite a source.
It's not really that relevant of a fact to be published in a searchable/indexable location (none that you'd believe, anyway). It's sort of basic/common knowledge, like Walt Disney's anti-semitism or W.E.B. Dubios' homosexuality.

That is to say, it's not something you would CASUALLY stumble upon just by googling it, but if you're paying attention to the right things it became pretty obvious.

Who said anything about removing interests? Hell, you're the one who's saying that the decision was based on a group's interests, specifically the interest of educators!
But not on BEHALF of educators as a party to the discussion, which is the point. The decision was intended to benefit STUDENTS and avoid discouraging kids from becoming astronomers by making (potentially, one particular aspect of) astronomy overly complicated. It's not like the a collection of schoolteachers showed up at the IAU and pushed for a simpler definition for their own benefit, nor did the students lobby for it hoping to get less science homework. The political aspect of the debate boiled down to "We think pluto should be called a planet!" vs. "We don't think Pluto is really a planet and it should be called something else." The IAU took both of their arguments and basically stamped them 'tl;dr' and did its own thing.

No, you claimed that. You claimed -- and still have not remotely proven -- that it was done based on the exclusive goal of appeasing schoolteachers.
The teachers didn't demand anything so "appeasing" them is a non-sequitor. Again, it wasn't about the teachers as much as it was about the STUDENTS, and to a lesser extent, about the layperson whom the IAU feels it is their job to keep astronomy accessible and not overly confusing.

And I still find that a ridiculous non sequitur and a straw man that insults both our intelligence, because obviously the people you are talking about are the schoolteachers and IAU members.
I find it hard to believe that you actually watched the debates raging around this issue back in 2006 and can claim with a straight face that the ONLY people who complained about Pluto's so-called demotion were "schoolteachers and IAU members" :vulcan:

I'll concede that the political angle for Pluto's "demotion" sort of comes into play for some planetary scientists who felt their livelihood would be threatened if Pluto was reclassified as a dwarf planet; THIS, primarily, is where the media gets its "It sucks that Pluto was demoted!" meme, since that was exactly what was being said by, for example, the New Horizons team before their PR guys wisely made them stop talking to the press. But the IAU deliberately failed to take any of those concrete considerations into account, thus avoiding the politics altogether.

Oh, so the actual scientists who are doing the work that actually matters are "nobody" to you?
That's not what I said. I said if it weren't for the change in Pluto's status, then nobody -- INCLUDING those scientists -- would have cared.

The IAU could have carefully avoided reclassifying Pluto, which would have made everyone happy; the New Horizons team, for example, wouldn't have to worry about having to explain to the press why a mission to Pluto was still just as important as a mission to Jupiter or Saturn (you and I know they'd still have to explain it, but they wouldn't be as worried about it). There are also scientists who have devoted a large portion of their time and resources on studying Pluto and likewise felt (and still feel) threatened by the change. And there are others who have no coherent reason at all to object and still do despite being smart enough to know better.

The IAU could have spared their feelings and tweaked the definition just a bit so Pluto could have a pass. Instead they avoided the politics altogether and opted to keep things simple.

Oh, come on, you're getting the cause and effect backward. The reason scientists have to dumb it down is because they know from experience that they have to tailor it to their audience and that most reporters won't understand or care about all this wonderfully fascinating and cool stuff unless the scientists can -- regretfully -- reduce it to something simple or something that can be tied in to Star Trek or Star Wars or something.
I know you're not seeing it, but you just contradicted yourself.

Why would the SCIENTISTS need to play to an audience? I media relations isn't in their job description; scientists conduct research, experiments, process data, publish their findings. It's the job of REPORTERS to make things seem exciting or relevant, not scientists. So how does that relationship get reversed?

This happens because scientists, labs and even theories sometimes have a tendency to troll for attention. Drawing attention usually means drawing a little bit more funding, and more funding can support more research to help validate the theory or at least continue to pay the bills. For this reason, many scientists have adopted the fine art of bullshit as a survival mechanism: it would be too hard to get people interested in their work if they told the truth, so they fudge the truth JUST ENOUGH to make things interesting and to make it easier for the reporters to produce an interesting story.

The trouble is, people who become exceptional bullshitters tend to be more comfortable with bullshit than they are with the truth. This is a notable and infamous feature of politicians: EVERY political candidate knows the issues are complex and nuanced, but they'd much rather babbleoff their talking points than risk an actual thoughtful discussion on the issues. Thoughtful discussions are hard; bullshit is easy.

And you're still talking as if Pluto were the only dwarf planet out there.
Not at all. I've said it's the only dwarf planet that anyone ever made a serious effort to PREVENT it being labelled as such. Even Ceres didn't get that kind of treatment during the brief period before it was reclassified an "asteroid." (By the way, the term "asteroid" was coined in the first place for the same reason as "dwarf planet," mainly because astronomers wanted a new term for "things that wander the sky but aren't planets or comets").

Politics got involved because scientists felt they had something professionally invested in Pluto and the redefinition was a threat to them. The IAU chose not to care, and the rest of us never really did.

Isn't that so infinitely more worth talking about than all this crap about labels and the media and the IAU?
Sure it is. Just one problem though.

THIS IS A THREAD ABOUT PLUTO.

I haven't seen a "dwarf planets" thread in a couple of months. Probably won't be seeing one until Dawn gets to Ceres. I'm happy to wait.
 
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See, the problem there is that there was no definition to change. The reason the IAU had trouble settling on a definition of "planet" in 2006 is because there had never formally been one among scientists.
Of course there was. Previously, the definition of "planet" had been "wandering star," IOW it was a catch-all term for stars whose positions were not fixed in the sky and moved relative to other stars and also occasionally underwent retrograde motion. That these planets did this regularly and were not transient objects was implicit in the definition.

That's a vernacular definition, a leftover from the Ancient Greeks. I'm saying there was no formal scientific definition, something that was specific and detailed in how this category was differentiated from other categories of object, rather than just a matter of tradition. That's what the 2006 conference attempted to create.



Ironically this means politics was a factor in this after all, insofar as the IAU was attempting NOT to get involved in scientific politics and boil the entire problem down to the facts.

Well, they did a pretty crappy job of it, then. Their final definition is a piecemeal, unsatisfying one, more slapped together as a hasty, closed-door compromise between different proposals in order to put an end to the debate than a genuine scientific consensus on what parameters were relevant and meaningful. And that kind of process of compromise and procedure trumping fact and logic sure sounds like politics (or at least bureaucracy) to me.


AFAIK, Dwarf Planets ARE considered a subset of planets, along with Gas Giants and Rocky Planets. That seems to be a relatively widespread opinion, from what I can tell.

Opinion, hell, yes. That's my opinion too. But the point is that the IAU's actual definition says otherwise.
The IAU...resolves that planets and other bodies, except satellites, in the Solar System be defined into three distinct categories in the following way:

(1) A planet [1] is a celestial body that (a) is in orbit around the Sun, (b) has sufficient mass for its self-gravity to overcome rigid body forces so that it assumes a hydrostatic equilibrium (nearly round) shape, and (c) has cleared the neighbourhood around its orbit.

(2) A "dwarf planet" is a celestial body that (a) is in orbit around the Sun, (b) has sufficient mass for its self-gravity to overcome rigid body forces so that it assumes a hydrostatic equilibrium (nearly round) shape [2], (c) has not cleared the neighbourhood around its orbit, and (d) is not a satellite.

(3) All other objects [3], except satellites, orbiting the Sun shall be referred to collectively as "Small Solar System Bodies".[note 1]

Footnotes:

[1] The eight planets are: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.
[2] An IAU process will be established to assign borderline objects into either dwarf planet and other categories.
[3] These currently include most of the Solar System asteroids, most Trans-Neptunian Objects (TNOs), comets, and other small bodies.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IAU_definition_of_planet#Final_definition

Regardless of opinion, that language makes it clear that the IAU's definition specifically excludes dwarf planets from the category of planets. And that is part of what I think is wrong with it. Many scientists agree that it should define dwarf planets as a type of planet, but it doesn't.


It's not really that relevant of a fact to be published in a searchable/indexable location (none that you'd believe, anyway). It's sort of basic/common knowledge, like Walt Disney's anti-semitism or W.E.B. Dubios' homosexuality.

Seriously? That's your citation? Like common knowledge is never wrong? It used to be common knowledge that Mars had canals and Venus was a jungle planet.


That is to say, it's not something you would CASUALLY stumble upon just by googling it, but if you're paying attention to the right things it became pretty obvious.

Most of what people consider "obvious" is usually wrong. The more you say, the deeper the hole you dig for your credibility.


The political aspect of the debate boiled down to "We think pluto should be called a planet!" vs. "We don't think Pluto is really a planet and it should be called something else." The IAU took both of their arguments and basically stamped them 'tl;dr' and did its own thing.

That's... pretty much what I've been saying all along. I just don't accept that it was exclusively about teaching classes, that considerations involving other factors played absolutely no role in their deliberations. I think that's oversimplifying it to an implausible degree. Very few things in life are monocausal.

I find it hard to believe that you actually watched the debates raging around this issue back in 2006 and can claim with a straight face that the ONLY people who complained about Pluto's so-called demotion were "schoolteachers and IAU members" :vulcan:

Oh, come on, stop shifting the goalposts. What I'm objecting to is your nonsensical strawman about "people living on Pluto," as if that had anything to do with the conversation. I still don't know where that non sequitur even came from in your mind.


The IAU could have spared their feelings and tweaked the definition just a bit so Pluto could have a pass. Instead they avoided the politics altogether and opted to keep things simple.

It would've been a terrible, dishonest idea to treat Pluto as a special case just because it was discovered first. That would be putting politics over science, and it would be wrong. If Pluto gets to be a planet, then so should Ceres, Eris, Sedna, and the rest. Distorting or ignoring scientific evidence because of tradition or preference is a corruption of the process.


This happens because scientists, labs and even theories sometimes have a tendency to troll for attention. Drawing attention usually means drawing a little bit more funding, and more funding can support more research to help validate the theory or at least continue to pay the bills. For this reason, many scientists have adopted the fine art of bullshit as a survival mechanism: it would be too hard to get people interested in their work if they told the truth, so they fudge the truth JUST ENOUGH to make things interesting and to make it easier for the reporters to produce an interesting story.

Yes, exactly -- it's a survival mechanism. That's why I'm not contradicting myself. It's not something scientists have gratuitously decided to do because they're evil and want to mislead the doe-eyed innocent journalists who only care about the truth. It's something they've had to learn to do because journalists don't understand or care about the things that really matter in science. I'm sure the scientists would love it if they had a genuinely attentive and understanding audience that they could talk to honestly about the real meaning of the science, but any attempt to do that is met with incomprehension or distortion, so they've had to adopt, as you yourself admit, the survival mechanism of dressing up their work to sound flashier and satisfy the reporters' desire for simple, shiny objects.



And you're still talking as if Pluto were the only dwarf planet out there.
Not at all. I've said it's the only dwarf planet that anyone ever made a serious effort to PREVENT it being labelled as such. Even Ceres didn't get that kind of treatment during the brief period before it was reclassified an "asteroid."

"Brief period?" :lol: Sure, the term "asteroid" was coined within a year of Ceres's discovery, but most textbooks continued to call it a planet for over sixty years! That's almost as long as Pluto was called a planet (though, there as well, there was controversy over that point well before a new consensus was reached).


Isn't that so infinitely more worth talking about than all this crap about labels and the media and the IAU?
Sure it is. Just one problem though.

THIS IS A THREAD ABOUT PLUTO.

I haven't seen a "dwarf planets" thread in a couple of months. Probably won't be seeing one until Dawn gets to Ceres. I'm happy to wait.

Oh, come on, that's not how threads work. They branch off subtopics and related discussions all the time.
 
See, the problem there is that there was no definition to change. The reason the IAU had trouble settling on a definition of "planet" in 2006 is because there had never formally been one among scientists.
Of course there was. Previously, the definition of "planet" had been "wandering star," IOW it was a catch-all term for stars whose positions were not fixed in the sky and moved relative to other stars and also occasionally underwent retrograde motion. That these planets did this regularly and were not transient objects was implicit in the definition.

That's a vernacular definition, a leftover from the Ancient Greeks.
And it was pretty formal to the Ancient Greeks, and it was at least a standard for the likes of Kepler and Copernicus who likewise borrowed the term even after it became clear that planets were in no way similar to stars.

Moreover, the definition of planet was modified again in the 20th century when the new category of "asteroids" was split off specifically to exclude them from it.

Well, they did a pretty crappy job of it, then.
No argument here.

Opinion, hell, yes. That's my opinion too. But the point is that the IAU's actual definition says otherwise.
It was not written and is not meant to be understood as a comprehensive explanation for all definitions for every object and how they fit together in all possible categories. It really only describes "1) what do we call a planet, 2) what do we call a dwarf planet, 3) what is neither a planet nor a dwarf planet."

You'll note that "small solar system bodies" isn't a widely-used term either; asteroids are still asteroids, comets are still comets, etc.

On some level even you must know this, considering the nature of the terminology itself. A "dwarf planet" can be thought of analogous to a "dwarf star," such as -- for example -- the sun. Other less formal categories are also being suggested for the TNOs, "ice dwarf" being one of the more prolific.

The other question you might want to ask is sort of relevant: exactly how binding are IAU definitions on the scientific community?

Regardless of opinion, that language makes it clear that the IAU's definition specifically excludes dwarf planets from the category of planets.
That's like saying "Minivans" are not vans because someone has created separate categories for vans and minivans.

The only people who are interpreting the definition that way are the ones who are complaining about it.

Seriously? That's your citation? Like common knowledge is never wrong?
I didn't say it was never wrong. I said that you're looking for a wikiquote citation you can google in thirty seconds and I'm telling you it's the kind of thing you wouldn't be able to cite without a couple of day's research and writing a short essay in the process.

It used to be common knowledge that Mars had canals and Venus was a jungle planet.
It is less common knowledge that Percival Lowell almost single-handedly popularized the concept of artificial water-carrying canals built by aliens.

And if we were having this conversation in 1903, I'd be telling you that the "canals" witnessed by Giovanni Schiaparelli were never described as artificial dugouts carrying water. You would then ask me for a citation; what am I supposed to tell you?

Most of what people consider "obvious" is usually wrong.
Most people who met him in person knew George Takei was gay LONG before he came out of the closet.

The obvious is not always wrong.

That's... pretty much what I've been saying all along. I just don't accept that it was exclusively about teaching classes, that considerations involving other factors played absolutely no role in their deliberations. I think that's oversimplifying it to an implausible degree. Very few things in life are monocausal.
And if I had said it was EXCLUSIVELY about teaching classes, that would mean something. That and its related factors were, however, their overwhelming concern, and in the end it was enough to render all other considerations secondary.

Oh, come on, stop shifting the goalposts. What I'm objecting to is your nonsensical strawman about "people living on Pluto," as if that had anything to do with the conversation.
It kinda does, actually. Even the planetary scientists who are complaining most loudly don't have nearly as much to loose as they pretended to in 2006. Even on this board there are people who talk about the redefinition as a disservice to Pluto, as if "Pluto" as a planet or a place is capable of being disservice. This is reflected in the scientific community too, but at the end of the day it's just butthurt.

It would've been a terrible, dishonest idea to treat Pluto as a special case just because it was discovered first.
I know. That's probably why they didn't do that.

Yes, exactly -- it's a survival mechanism. That's why I'm not contradicting myself.
But you ARE contradicting yourself.

Because whether it's a survival mechanism or a manifestation of creeping evil, it means that scientists are in the position of having to sensationalize their own discoveries just to get attention. They are, in fact, ACCUSTOMED to sensationalizing their findings and speaking hyperbolically to journalists in a way that makes their findings more exciting than they really are. You only ever get meaningful information when you get them to slip up and go into the boring details of what actually happened.

It's really not as if it was a small committee who made these decisions. SEVERAL voting members indicated they specifically chose not to use the "planet umbrella" as one member called it because it seemed overly complex and/or kind of arbitrary and several alluded to the need to make planetary science accessible to students (I remember a man with an English accent mentioning "something about the word 'classical' has the magical power to put students to sleep).

It is, as with everything else, more complicated than that. But not much.

"Brief period?" :lol: Sure, the term "asteroid" was coined within a year of Ceres's discovery, but most textbooks continued to call it a planet for over sixty years!
See? You DO understand that some facts are really hard to specifically cite!

Two things, though:
1) In the history of astronomy, 60 years IS brief period
2) There were many texts at the time that considered "asteroid" to be a type of planet as well. This remained the case until more information about the nature of the asteroids was ascertained; specifically, until it was realized that the asteroids had some sort of direct relationship with meteorites.

Oh, come on, that's not how threads work. They branch off subtopics and related discussions all the time.
I'd love to see a citation for that.:nyah:
 
That's a vernacular definition, a leftover from the Ancient Greeks.
And it was pretty formal to the Ancient Greeks, and it was at least a standard for the likes of Kepler and Copernicus who likewise borrowed the term even after it became clear that planets were in no way similar to stars.

You're missing the point. The point, as was reported extensively during the 2006 controversy, was that modern astronomers had no formal, systematic, scientifically based definition for "planet" as a distinct category, which is why the IAU debate was needed in the first place. What the Ancient Greeks said or did has no relevance here.


It was not written and is not meant to be understood as a comprehensive explanation for all definitions for every object and how they fit together in all possible categories. It really only describes "1) what do we call a planet, 2) what do we call a dwarf planet, 3) what is neither a planet nor a dwarf planet."

Read the actual language of the definition. The parameters used to define "planet" explicitly exclude dwarf planets. The first footnote explicitly says there are only eight planets.


You'll note that "small solar system bodies" isn't a widely-used term either; asteroids are still asteroids, comets are still comets, etc.

We're still talking about two different things. Wide usage isn't the issue. Formal scientific definitions are the issue.


On some level even you must know this, considering the nature of the terminology itself. A "dwarf planet" can be thought of analogous to a "dwarf star," such as -- for example -- the sun. Other less formal categories are also being suggested for pluto and Sedna, "ice dwarf" being one of the more prolific.

Will you for gods' sake pay attention and stop forgetting what it is I've been saying? I'm arguing in favor of counting dwarf planets as planets!!! What I'm saying is that the IAU definition does not do so. I thought I made it quite clear in the very post you're responding to that I disagree with their definition. I thought you acknowledged that and said "No argument here" just three paragraphs earlier. You have a very short memory.


The only people who are interpreting the definition that way are the ones who are complaining about it.

No, they're the ones who actually bothered to read it.


And if we were having this conversation in 1903, I'd be telling you that the "canals" witnessed by Giovanni Schiaparelli were never described as artificial dugouts carrying water. You would then ask me for a citation; what am I supposed to tell you?

What a load of bull. Of course there's actual evidence to support that position.


Most people who met him in person knew George Takei was gay LONG before he came out of the closet.

The obvious is not always wrong.

What a nonsensical and non-probative thing to say. Sandwiches are not always made with meat, but they often are. The mere existence of examples does not prove a universal rule.


And if I had said it was EXCLUSIVELY about teaching classes, that would mean something. That and its related factors were, however, their overwhelming concern, and in the end it was enough to render all other considerations secondary.

So you allege. And since all you're giving me is empty rhetoric and defensiveness, I have no reason to believe it. In fact, the more you defend that claim, the less credible I find it.


It kinda does, actually. Even the planetary scientists who are complaining most loudly don't have nearly as much to loose as they pretended to in 2006. Even on this board there are people who talk about the redefinition as a disservice to Pluto, as if "Pluto" as a planet or a place is capable of being disservice. This is reflected in the scientific community too, but at the end of the day it's just butthurt.

You keep forgetting what it was we were actually talking about. The particular comments at issue here were not about the complaints or the controversies. I was simply trying to point out that the IAU definition was based less on concrete science and more on compromise and sloppy parliamentary procedure -- which I call politics and you call bureaucracy. For some reason, you seemed to think that the lack of people on Pluto had some relevance to that point. Evidently you greatly misunderstood what I was trying to say, and my efforts to clarify have fallen on deaf ears.


Because whether it's a survival mechanism or a manifestation of creeping evil, it means that scientists are in the position of having to sensationalize their own discoveries just to get attention. They are, in fact, ACCUSTOMED to sensationalizing their findings and speaking hyperbolically to journalists in a way that makes their findings more exciting than they really are. You only ever get meaningful information when you get them to slip up and go into the boring details of what actually happened.

Maybe, but the way you talk about it makes it sound like the scientists are villains who are just doing that to serve some malicious agenda, and that the media are innocent saints who never get anything wrong unless they're misled by the evil scientists.


"Brief period?" :lol: Sure, the term "asteroid" was coined within a year of Ceres's discovery, but most textbooks continued to call it a planet for over sixty years!
See? You DO understand that some facts are really hard to specifically cite!

Your willingness to be snide and insulting rather than having a fair-minded, reasonable discussion is part of why coming to an understanding here is proving so impossible. For what it's worth, I have found a citation for that on many occasions, but you have demonstrated such active contempt for evidence and logic that I didn't think it was worth wasting my time.


Oh, come on, that's not how threads work. They branch off subtopics and related discussions all the time.
I'd love to see a citation for that.:nyah:

There is no call for this mean-spirited, insulting behavior. And there's nothing to be gained by continuing this conversation.
 
Uranus was first considered a comet, then a planet because its orbit was too circular for a comet. At least we're no longer classifying bodies based on orbital eccentricity. Uranus was called Neptune for a brief while, because astronomers didn't know the planet named Neptune hadn't been discovered yet. ;)

For kids, dividing things up into eyeball planets, binocular planets, and bodies only seen with big honking telescopes would probably be sufficient.
 
That's a vernacular definition, a leftover from the Ancient Greeks.
And it was pretty formal to the Ancient Greeks, and it was at least a standard for the likes of Kepler and Copernicus who likewise borrowed the term even after it became clear that planets were in no way similar to stars.

You're missing the point. The point, as was reported extensively during the 2006 controversy, was that modern astronomers had no formal, systematic, scientifically based definition for "planet" as a distinct category, which is why the IAU debate was needed in the first place. What the Ancient Greeks said or did has no relevance here.
It's perfectly relevant. The most we can say is that the current definition is a lot less ambiguous in light of what we know NOW, although there IS still a bit of ambiguity (Vesta, for example).

Read the actual language of the definition. The parameters used to define "planet" explicitly exclude dwarf planets. The first footnote explicitly says there are only eight planets.
Exactly. "What do we call a planet?" Here's a definition, here's a footnote with eight examples.

We're still talking about two different things. Wide usage isn't the issue. Formal scientific definitions are the issue.
Formal scientific definitions are NOWHERE NEAR as simple as this and you know better than to pretend otherwise.

Will you for gods' sake pay attention and stop forgetting what it is I've been saying? I'm arguing in favor of counting dwarf planets as planets!!! What I'm saying is that the IAU definition does not do so.
The IAU definition doesn't exclude them either. Pay attention to what I've been saying: they deliberately avoided taking a decisive stand one way or the other. This is why there is no statement in the definition that actually reads "dwarf planets shall not be considered planets." It is an implication read into the definition by people who want something to complain about.

No question they went about it in a sloppy way. That's bureaucracy for you. But they weren't trying to appease any side of the debate, merely trying to keep things simple.

No, they're the ones who actually bothered to read it.
I read it too. I was one of the people who checked up on the various citations crediting the IAU with the statement "Pluto shall not be considered a planet" and being mysteriously unable to find that in the text of either resolution. Then you go back and check on the source, and you find every one of them has the same thing in common: the same "How dare they say pluto is not a planet!" whargarble.

What a load of bull. Of course there's actual evidence to support that position.
And because we're having this conversation 100 years after the fact -- after historians have had more than a century to condense that evidence into an easily searchable format -- that evidence is is easy to find.

Otherwise, you're asking me to write an essay about the long-term goals and motivations of the IAU just to satisfy your personal incredulity. I don't do that kind of work for free (anymore).

So you allege. And since all you're giving me is empty rhetoric and defensiveness, I have no reason to believe it.
Then DON'T believe it. Go on believing whatever you want about the reason for the IAU decision.

In review, it doesn't seem you have actually made it clear what YOU think was their primary reason for the decision. I'm sure, however, that you are prepared to offer full citations for it, whatever it is.:bolian:

You keep forgetting what it was we were actually talking about. The particular comments at issue here were not about the complaints or the controversies. I was simply trying to point out that the IAU definition was based less on concrete science and more on compromise and sloppy parliamentary procedure -- which I call politics and you call bureaucracy. For some reason, you seemed to think that the lack of people on Pluto had some relevance to that point.
It has relevance to the fact it was less about politics and more about expedience: it seems to me they found a sneaky way of excluding the people who had huge personal/professional/emotional investments in Pluto's definition in order to get a resolution passed in a reasonable amount of time without a lot of contentious debate going on. Again, the only token attempt to include an explicit umbrella terminology for "planet" with multiple subcategories was voted down for being overly complicated and we were spared the inevitable tangents into media relations, textbooks, traditions, planetary science, man's destiny in space, our outlook on the universe, etc. It turned out to be a pretty straightforward debate that erred on the side of simplicity and nowhere else.

Evidently you greatly misunderstood what I was trying to say
I understood perfectly what you were trying to say. It's just wrong.

Maybe, but the way you talk about it makes it sound like the scientists are villains who are just doing that to serve some malicious agenda, and that the media are innocent saints who never get anything wrong unless they're misled by the evil scientists.
That would be why I pointed out that the American media has a distressingly high tolerance for bullshit. I don't remember saying or implying this was a GOOD thing.

There is no call for this mean-spirited, insulting behavior. And there's nothing to be gained by continuing this conversation.
Actually I think I've been pretty courteous the entire time, moreso than I probably needed to be. But I suppose you're entitled to your butthurt.:cool:
 
It seems to me they found a sneaky way of excluding the people who had huge personal/professional/emotional investments in Pluto's definition

That such people exist is kind of disturbing. :vulcan:

"Nothing puzzles me more than time and space; and yet nothing troubles me less." - Charles Lamb

Nothing about Pluto's definition affects any physical property of Pluto. It's like scientists debating exactly where yellow ends and yellow-orange begins, or trying to come up with an exact definition of "large," or demoting a particular marine mammal from "whale" to "dolphin." (A whale is a dolphin that's longer than 9 feet, unless perhaps it's a metric dolphin).
 
But again, it's not specifically about Pluto. If there were only one object involved, it wouldn't be worth the effort. The point was to determine a category for the other Pluto-like objects that were being discovered in large numbers, and the hundreds or thousands more that we expect to discover in the future. The fact that this whole new class of objects was being found, objects that were hard to fit into any existing category, was why there was a debate over creating a new category. Pluto just happened to be the first known member of that category -- and once Eris was found, Pluto was no longer the biggest known member of that category, and we knew we were likely to find more new objects that were bigger than Pluto. (Estimates of Eris's size have since been revised down to about equal to Pluto's size, but the principle is the same.) So the question was, do we keep defining planets based on tradition and just arbitrarily say anything Pluto-sized or bigger is a planet and anything smaller isn't? Or do we try to settle on a useful, objective set of physical parameters that can give us a meaningful distinction between two classes of object rather than just an arbitrary one based on tradition?

So various possible physical parameters were considered, and two were settled on as key. One was hydrostatic equilibrium, whether an object was massive enough to be pulled into a spheroidal shape by its own gravity. Just about everyone could agree that that was a physically meaningful distinction between two categories, and that anything too small to have hydrostatic equilibrium could just be treated as an asteroid, comet, or other small Solar System body. The other, more controversial parameter settled on to differentiate a planet from a dwarf planet was "clearing its orbit" -- that way, it wasn't just about how big the object was, but whether its mass had a physically meaningful effect on its surroundings. If it hasn't cleared its orbit, if it's part of a belt of small objects, then it's a dwarf planet rather than a full planet. This is controversial because a lot of actual planets haven't entirely cleared their orbits (Jupiter has Trojan asteroids, for instance), so many consider it a false or misleading standard.

Still, the point was never just about one object such as Pluto. It was about creating a systematic standard that could be used to classify new objects being discovered now or in the future.
 
But again, it's not specifically about Pluto. If there were only one object involved, it wouldn't be worth the effort. The point was to determine a category for the other Pluto-like objects that were being discovered in large numbers, and the hundreds or thousands more that we expect to discover in the future.

...

So various possible physical parameters were considered, and two were settled on as key. One was hydrostatic equilibrium, whether an object was massive enough to be pulled into a spheroidal shape by its own gravity. Just about everyone could agree that that was a physically meaningful distinction between two categories, and that anything too small to have hydrostatic equilibrium could just be treated as an asteroid, comet, or other small Solar System body. The other, more controversial parameter settled on to differentiate a planet from a dwarf planet was "clearing its orbit" -- that way, it wasn't just about how big the object was, but whether its mass had a physically meaningful effect on its surroundings. If it hasn't cleared its orbit, if it's part of a belt of small objects, then it's a dwarf planet rather than a full planet. This is controversial because a lot of actual planets haven't entirely cleared their orbits (Jupiter has Trojan asteroids, for instance), so many consider it a false or misleading standard.

Still, the point was never just about one object such as Pluto. It was about creating a systematic standard that could be used to classify new objects being discovered now or in the future.

I assume they considered something simple like the gravitational attraction between a planet and the parent star (in Newtons). That has the advantage of giving a little more weight to closer, more brightly lit objects like Mercury and severely penalizes ice-dwarfs. I don't have a runnable spread-sheet at the moment, but did such a system perhaps add Ceres or Vesta before dropping Pluto, and perhaps even Neptune? Or where they thinking that the same body shouldn't become a planet just because of the size of its parent star (upping the gravitational force and orbital velocity in an otherwise unchanged situation)?

The only drawbacks I see with the adopted standard is the drawback you mentioned about clearing the orbit, which would raise the unwanted case that a non-planet body in an early solar system would become a planet over millions of years even if it didn't gain an ounce.

Anyway, I suppose a Greek and Roman explanation might due for school kids. "And then Jupiter and the other gods decided that Pluto was a punk, so they kicked him out."
 
I assume they considered something simple like the gravitational attraction between a planet and the parent star (in Newtons).
If so, it was by a VERY small number of people.

The only drawbacks I see with the adopted standard is the drawback you mentioned about clearing the orbit, which would raise the unwanted case that a non-planet body in an early solar system would become a planet over millions of years even if it didn't gain an ounce.
I don't think they had early/primordial solar systems in mind when they drew up this definition. Actually, it doesn't appear the definition really applies to exoplanets anyway; far from being comprehensive, it's really just a bare-bones guideline for how we deal with the dozen or so planets we know about in our own solar system right this minute.

Anyway, I suppose a Greek and Roman explanation might due for school kids. "And then Jupiter and the other gods decided that Pluto was a punk, so they kicked him out."
Been a while since classical literature... but isn't that exactly how Pluto ended up in the underworld in the first place?
 
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