So then what would be the most logical choice out of all of those to determine sequence of events from each episode?
For the first 10
Star Trek movies production order, release order, and stardate order will be the same, so any of those orders will be fine for putting them in order of fictional events.
After the first season of TNG the staff got their act together a bit and after that the production order, original syndication broadcast order, and stardate order were usually the same for all future TNG episodes in the next six seasons. Of course some TNG episodes didn't have stardates and some TNG episodes weren't broadcast in production order for various reasons, but over 90 percent of TNG episodes agree in production order, broadcast order, and stardate order. For the rest the probable order should be deduced on an episode by episode basis, but in most cases there should be two possible orders that agree.
And the same can be said within each of the two other TNG era series. The episodes within DS9 and VOY can be ordered easily whenever the production order, the broadcast order, and the stardate order agree. And when two of the possible orders agree, that should be enough. So there should be only a few problems with the relative order of the DS9 and Voy episodes.
But there is some chronological overlap between TNG and DS9 episodes and between DS9 and VOY episodes. In those cases if both have stardates the one with the lower stardate is earlier and the one with the higher stardate is later. If one episode doesn't have a stardate stated only it's star should be between the most recent stardate and the next stardate of a of a later episode of the series. If there is a block of episodes without stardates in a series the episodes should be in order of production and order of broadcast if those are the same. And if episodes in one series and episodes in another series don't have stardates they should probably happen in order of production since it should be possible to find the dates of production of those episodes. And in some cases plot elements may indicate whether a move or episode in one series happens before or after a movie or episode in another series.
For ENT episodes the possible orders are production order, broadcast order, and Earth calendar order. And in most cases the production order and the broadcast order agree. There are only a few exceptions that have to be investigated case by case.
And the Earth dates, when given, agree with the production and broadcast order. Except that in the first season the 11th episode made and broadcast "Cold Front" has the Earth date of September 12, 2151 and the 12th episode produced and broadcast, "Silent Enemy" has the Earth date of September 1, 2151. Therefore, "Silent Enemy" must happen before "Cold Front". Unless the Earth date in "Cold Front" is given in the official United Earth calendar at the time, and then the United Earth adopted a different official calendar before "Silent Enemy". For example, if United Earth switched from the Gregorian calendar to the Julian calendar between the two episodes it would be just barely possible for September 12 to be followed by September 1 a few days later.
The three - so far - alternate universe due to time travel
Star Trek movies in The Kelvin Timeline happen in the same order in production order, release order, and stardate order. So there's no problem.
I have only seen the first episode of
Star Trek Discovery. But I think that the first season is highly serialized and if so the episodes should all happen in the order they were streamed on CBS All Access.
So that leaves the three seasons of TOS, the one and a third seasons of TAS, and the first season of TNG to consider.
And in those cases the three usual orders - production order, broadcast order, and stardate order - give very different episode orders. It is rare for an episode to have the same number in two of those orders, and probably unknown for an episode to have the same number in all three of those episodes.
If you believe that the the stardates correspond to the passage of time on Earth and other planets always with the same consistent ratio of stardate units to planetary time units, then all episodes must be ordered by stardates.
But if you believe that the ration of stardate units to planetary time units can vary over time, and that stardates can even go down instead of constantly going up, then you can order the episodes in the three seasons of TOS, the one and a third seasons of TAS, and the first season of TNG by production order or by broadcast order.
And it is the general opinion that production order is the better choice as it shows things changing during the first episodes from they way they were in the pilot episodes to the way they were in the rest of TOS.
If one accepts that stardates can go down as well as up, there are two other ways to order episodes.
Order episodes by seasons, and within each season order episodes by stardate order. That will require that stardates go down a bit four different times between live action and animated seasons, while going up during each season.
And the second new possible order is the same, ordering episodes by seasons and by stardates within seasons, but chooses different seasons. The 1st season would be the episodes produced by Gene Roddenberry, the 2nd season the episodes produced by Gene L. Coon, the 3rd season the episodes produced by John Meredyth Lucas, the 4th season the episodes produced by Fred Freiburger, the 5th the 1st animated season, the 6th the 2nd animated season.
Anyway, those are my thoughts.