Interesting where this has led. Yes, the Horta problem enters into it, sort of in reverse - not how it knew what to call itself in language the crew can understand, but how it knew to make the symbols NO KILL I. During the mind meld, the Horta would have had to pick up not only Spock's English vocabulary but how to spell - which in turn would require that Spock think in printed words rather than "sounded" words. (Well, he's Spock.) The only reason for inscribing the words was to add a little mystery as to the meaning; the same thought could have been transferred to Spock at the end of the mind meld, which after all was just a moment earlier.
As to the V'ger issue, the foregoing discussion - not that I planned it as such - just underscores that the questions of how and when V'ger learned how to name itself in audible English were simply not well thought out.
As to the V'ger issue, the foregoing discussion - not that I planned it as such - just underscores that the questions of how and when V'ger learned how to name itself in audible English were simply not well thought out.