I have read a few spoilers, though not many, and I've seen pictures. My mind started whirring.
So, I decided to take a stab at working out the plot.
Here's my take:
1. In the future, Romulan Nero decides that all their troubles would be over if Captain Kirk never lived.
2. Nero travels back in time to kill Kirk's dad, ensuring that James Kirk is never born.
3. Nero returns to the future, but nothing has changed.
4. Despite the official record, George Kirk is not James Kirk's father. They don't know who he is. They'll have to go back in time and get Kirk directly.
5. Spock gets word of what they're planning and decides to go back and try and unpick what they're planning.
6. Nero arrives and attacks the Starship Enterprise, ensuring that Kirk will not have his famous ship.
7. Captain Pike is severely burned and put in a wheel chair the rest of his life. Most of the crew is killed.
8. Young Spock, under Captain Pike's command, learns that they were attacked because young James Kirk is the real target.
9. Kirk and his officers are brought in to oversee the repairs to Enterprise and hunt down the killers. Kirk wears black in honor of those who were lost and the fate of April and the Enterprise.
10 Young Spock is so furious that Kirk caused the loss of his Captain and shipmates that he attacks Kirk.
11 Spock and the new crew do not work well together at first. The instant animosity between Spock and McCoy is fostered here.
12 Kirk is disturbed by the revelations of his own past. But it starts to make sense in light of learning that George Kirk is not his father.
.
.
.
Then there's a lot of fighting with Romulans and Kirk wins.
That's all I've got so far.
So, I decided to take a stab at working out the plot.
Here's my take:
1. In the future, Romulan Nero decides that all their troubles would be over if Captain Kirk never lived.
2. Nero travels back in time to kill Kirk's dad, ensuring that James Kirk is never born.
3. Nero returns to the future, but nothing has changed.
4. Despite the official record, George Kirk is not James Kirk's father. They don't know who he is. They'll have to go back in time and get Kirk directly.
5. Spock gets word of what they're planning and decides to go back and try and unpick what they're planning.
6. Nero arrives and attacks the Starship Enterprise, ensuring that Kirk will not have his famous ship.
7. Captain Pike is severely burned and put in a wheel chair the rest of his life. Most of the crew is killed.
8. Young Spock, under Captain Pike's command, learns that they were attacked because young James Kirk is the real target.
9. Kirk and his officers are brought in to oversee the repairs to Enterprise and hunt down the killers. Kirk wears black in honor of those who were lost and the fate of April and the Enterprise.
10 Young Spock is so furious that Kirk caused the loss of his Captain and shipmates that he attacks Kirk.
11 Spock and the new crew do not work well together at first. The instant animosity between Spock and McCoy is fostered here.
12 Kirk is disturbed by the revelations of his own past. But it starts to make sense in light of learning that George Kirk is not his father.
.
.
.
Then there's a lot of fighting with Romulans and Kirk wins.

That's all I've got so far.