Bajoran crewman Tal Celes (the rank suggests enlistment) talked about her time at the academy. She graduated from a program, but presumably she took some shorter program, not the full four-year program for officers, otherwise she'd have been an Ensign at least.
As to whether such program is a requirement even for crewmen (or just optional), I don't know.
When this happened, Bajor was not a member of the Federation, might not even have petitioned yet. After all, according to stardates Voyager disappeared somewhere in the middle of S3 DS9, and the events of
Rapture were 2 years later, when we hear their petition had been approved. And obviously, Tales would have attended the academy even
before that. It's therefore most likely that Bajoran people like her joined on an individual basis (like Nog).
Riker refers to Mott as 'the best barber in Starfleet'. If we take his words literally, (i.e. Mott is Starfleet personnel, and not just someone 'working close to Starfleet personnel' he might be an example. That is, I don't think Starfleet Academy would give hairdressing training). But I'll agree this is reading a lot into a throwaway line
