Maddox never said he couldn't duplicate Data. He just said he didn't know how to build Data. Duplicating him with the transporter wouldn't help there: he'd have to vivisect the duplicate, then, and that'd involve the very same legal hurdles as vivisecting the original.
Just as with sentient androids, the cloning of people is shunned as a thing, regardless of method. Transporter copies, in vitro replicas... The direct consequence is the originals drawing their weapons, and their colleagues cheering when they push the trigger. Clones are bad, just like sentient androids are bad. Except perhaps for brief periods that merely serve to assert the badness again.
Blah, irrelevantly small differences. It's insane not to crush your enemies when you can, and to hand over the means of crushing to them when you don't have to. Which is what is nevertheless being done all the time: the US naval might could have secured the Pacific had they not agreed to not building one, while simultaneously giving Japan a carte blanche for kicking up a fighting force that essentially outnumbered the US one (not being split between two oceans and all). The result? A war averted till a time when the US no longer was in the throes of a recession, while Japan was starving to death and in no shape to wage a war (which could probably have been won in a week had the US had some non-defective torpedoes available).
Giving up cloaking is no different from giving up ABM: its one benefit is curtailing of escalation, in a situation where escalation better serves the enemy. Or, as with the Washington and London treaties, in a situation where escalation would better serve you in the short term but is better avoided as a thing. OTOH, treaties forcing escalation are fine when you want an arms race for an arms race's sake, such as with SDI, so that your opponent is beggared to no gain while you... Well, you can take being beggared.
That everybody in Trek doesn't cloak, or nova-bomb, or clone, or go cyborg (even though all would be sensible things to do), is best resolved (for the sole purpose of providing diversity and character to the various players) by dramatic means with a healthy degree of verisimilitude. A seemingly insane arms limitation treaty fills that condition nicely enough!
Timo Saloniemi
1. If the Transporter can do it and the replicator can do it, then Maddox can do it. It's the same blue print. And not just for making exact copies, but making ones that are not exact copies. New models.
2. No the differences were not "irrelevantly small", they were completely contradictory to the claim. The US and UK agreed to a plan that put them at a Naval advantage over Japan. The only question was why Japan would agree to a Treaty that put them at such an obvious disadvantage. Why? Because they already were at a disadvantage anyway. The treaty allowed them to build alot more than they had when they signed it. Even without the Treaty, they would have gone on building one way or the other. All of this is exactly the opposite of what the Federation did. ABM Treaty was also not, "ok the Soviets can have these weapons systems and we agree not to develop them." That's insane.
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