Actually, in TOS, there didn't appear to be any "can't beam down through shields" rule. There was only a "can't beam
up through shields" rule, starting with "Arena". Which makes sense - the ships can spit out weapons fire when shielded, so why not transportees? It's only the incoming stuff that needs to be protected against.
It's a bit difficult to find cases of "can't beam down" in later Trek, too. Usually, it's a matter of needing to recover the away team, meaning "can't beam down
because couldn't beam up".
So, yes, it has happened.
"Slowly catching up", but without the "toying with the prey" element as in "Encounter at Farpoint"? I guess "Q Who?" does qualify... I stand corrected.
Why run from an enemy that has comprable or superior faster-than-light drives?
Why not?
Knowing the propulsive capabilities of the enemy isn't all that common. It's always worth an attempt. If the enemy does give chase, then you realize you are screwed, because he wouldn't if he couldn't match your
observed speed. But it has to come to that observation first.
Unless you are heading for another Federation ship or ships, it's a poor tactic, so there's no point in trying to overtake another vessel in warp.
Uh, why not? Surely you can give chase; catch up with the enemy; and then destroy him, wound him, capture him, or whatever. What would the obstacles be? Most Trek weapons work just fine at high warp, and even transporters can be used if the enemy can be rendered shieldless and velocities closely matched.
We saw plenty of point-defence fire in ST'09, specifically the Kelvin protecting itself and later the evacuating shuttles from the Narada's cluster missiles.
Interestingly, these weapons were powerless to protect the targeted ship herself, but very effective at protecting a third party: both the
Kelvin and the
Enterprise were hit hard, but the
Kelvin provided complete and effortless protection for the shuttles and the
Enterprise for Spock's ship.
Using phasers for self-defense against high speed projectile weapons seems to be a desperation tactic that has low odds of success. Doesn't mean our heroes wouldn't try: Kirk seems to give that very command in ST2 against Khan's torpedo launch, but is too late, as Sulu points out.
Timo Saloniemi