I think that this is the answer here. I feel that this is the true valuable skill that you learn in your education. You actually learn real things in elementary and middle school, tangible facts and basic proficiencies that provide a foundation for understanding the world. Any education thereafter is about learning one thing: how to figure out what people want and BS enough to give it to them.
You two guys make US education sounds a lot like it is in China or India where the students spend all of their times repeating back what their profs have said to them.
Well you'd be lost on one of my courses because I'm looking at your ability to critically assess sources and develop an argument supported by those sources, it's largely irrelevant if I agree with that argument or not - if you are just reciting back to me the material I've provided in lectures and seminars, you might be able to get a passing grade but nothing more.
I didn't mean that the content should reflect what the professor wants, more the structure and the way you provide the content. Whether a professor agrees with the argument you're making isn't important, but what they consider great writing and research is largely a matter of their personal opinion, and you have to tailor your papers to their specific preferences. For example one professor takes the "less is more" approach and wants you to be as succinct as possible, so you write with this in mind and they love it, while another looks at that same paper and says that you need to expand on your ideas and include more analysis. So you write a more in depth and detailed analysis, and then the first professor says you have over-analyzed and should learn to present your ideas in less space. After you get past getting the basic facts correct, the rest is very subjective, and you have to figure out how to present it in a way that that professor wants. I don't mean this as a bash on professors, I think all humans in general are like this; they have certain ways of communicating and understanding the world, and if you can tap into that you can gain a lot of insight and success. It's not unlike many jobs I've had where different supervisors will impose different expectations, sometimes on the same exact task, and you are somehow meant to please all of them while still asserting your own personal style. It can be difficult to juggle, but I feel my education has prepared me well for it.