Well, what if Nero first (from his point of view) went back in time to attack Vulcan? Kirk stopped him, so Nero went further back in time to attack Earth and kill Kirk. Nero's ship was damaged from the battle at Vulcan, which gave Kirk's dad and the Kelvin the chance to kill Nero once and for all.
That would mean that apart from the Kelvin/Nero battle, nothing we see in this movie really happens. I already like your idea!
This would also explain JJ's statement that everything would be fitting into canon after all and the two Enterprises.