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CBS/Paramount sues to stop Axanar

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No, it doesn't mean that, the law says otherwise, and CBS/P is now explicitly avoiding making that claim (because it is a false claim and they would not succeed with it).

I don't know if the law SAYS otherwise. That is an interpretation. Until there is an actual trial involving a fictional language regarding copyright, I don't think there is any certainty. Just opinion.

Has there been a copyright case involving a fictional language yet? is there precedent?
 
Willful ignorance? I think not.

Willful ignorance is the malady plaguing anyone who doesn't yet see Alec Peters for the flickerpiss nosescum of fandom (and society in general, really) that he has always been.

Here's your problem, Karzak: you assume in this post (as in other posts) that anyone who disagrees with you (or CBS) about any element of the Axanar case has swallowed the Axanar line hook, line, and sinker. It's no less black-and-white for you, according to your posts, than it is for Alec -- one is either A Good Guy (which is proved by showing nothing less than absolute loyalty to what you imagine to be the party line), or a Hater (or, as you have it here, an "insane deluded person"). Your most recent post is neither less dogmatic nor less stupid nor less offensive than one of Alec's many infamous posts; it's just going the opposite direction.

As I have made clear elsewhere in this thread, I support CBS/P, agree that they have a strong case, and concur in the general judgment that Axanar is going down and had it coming. I also have made it clear that CBS/P does not own a copyright on the Klingon language -- and CBS/P is not even asserting, at least at this stage in the lawsuit, that it owns a copyright on the Klingon language, as they made clear in their most recent filing, so my position does not conflict with CBS/P's. I have been happy to lurk for the past several months while this thread grows and grows, but I came out of the lurk closet when I started seeing people go astray on this point.

I invite you to read some of those posts, or the Copyright Act, and then say something intelligent about either, as muCephi and Jespah have done. They speak in friendly but well-informed disagreement (which I think we have, through conversation and mutual correction, largely figured out together -- correct me if I'm wrong, guys). You insist on throwing around snide remarks without a fact in sight.

I don't know if the law SAYS otherwise. That is an interpretation. Until there is an actual trial involving a fictional language regarding copyright, I don't think there is any certainty. Just opinion.

Has there been a copyright case involving a fictional language yet? is there precedent?

A fair point! It is true that there is no binding precedent in a court of law on this yet. The amicus brief relates the case that came closest to dealing with it, but even that was only tangentially connected:

No court has squarely addressed the issue of whether a constructed spoken language is entitled to copyright protection. The only known prior litigation of constructed languages was in Loglan Inst., Inc. v. Logical Language Group, Inc., 962 F.2d 1038 (Fed. Cir. 1992), which was an appeal of a trademark cancellation. That case centered on a constructed language called Loglan that its creator, Dr. James Brown, intended to be “symbolic logic made speakable.” Id. at 1039. He created an institute to promote the language, which registered the mark “Loglan” for “Dictionaries and Grammars” in 1988. Id. at 1040. A splinter group later formed and published a newsletter that made several references to Loglan, and was threatened by the Loglan institute with a trademark infringement suit. See id. The splinter group then successfully petitioned the TTAB to cancel the registration for “Loglan” because the term was generic for the Loglan language. Id. The Federal Circuit affirmed the cancellation, finding the term to be generic because it was commonly used to refer to a specific language. See id. at 1041-42.

So there is a certain amount of uncertainty here, because no court has ruled on it. But it's not a very large amount of uncertainty. It's like if my state passed a law against using the phone while driving, with an exception for looking up directions while stopped at a stop light. Until that law is actually tested in court, you can't be completely sure how a court is going to interpret it... but, if somebody gets a ticket for using the phone at a stop light, and produces texts showing that he was asking his friend for directions, you can be pretty sure the court is going to kill the ticket, because there just aren't a lot of other plausible interpretations on offer.

By the same token, we can be pretty sure a court isn't going to uphold a copyright on the Klingon language, because there just aren't a lot of plausible interpretations where the language is, in and of itself, a "literary work... fixed in a tangible medium of expression," and not a "system, concept, idea, procedure, or process." You'll note that, thus far, nobody in this thread has even tried to suggest such an interpretation; defenses of a putative CBS/P copyright on Klingon have instead depended on misunderstandings of other parts of the Copyright Act (like the "work made for hire" clause) or, as in the above post, simple bluster and insults.
 
Exactly. These Axanar guys believe they should be able to use Star Trek for their own ends and profitability. They do not own the property or have a right to use it. Its despicable that they are even trying to make it seem like they are in the right here when they know they aren't. Totally ridiculous.
Exactly, and it's not even innocent misunderstanding. There's no way Alec & Co. can play off their "we're just a fan film" excuse at this point. Productions who claim they are independent, who claim they use professionals, who claim they are better than the studio for quality, they know exactly what they're doing.
 
...

By the same token, we can be pretty sure a court isn't going to uphold a copyright on the Klingon language, because there just aren't a lot of plausible interpretations where the language is, in and of itself, a "literary work... fixed in a tangible medium of expression," and not a "system, concept, idea, procedure, or process." ...

It's probably a system. The real question is whether the court will want to rule on it at all - they may consider it to be too tangential to the real topic herein.

Whether Klingon is ruled a system or not, it's not going to matter too much in the grand scheme of this case. Because even if the conlang 100% falls into the public domain, then either
  • It's considered a part of the aggregate of infringement, e. g. speaking Klingon is a part of playing a Klingon character, and Klingons as a race of characters are subject to copyright. This is analogous to Leeloo in The Fifth Element and her jabbering. You're derivative of The Fifth Element if you create a humanoid alien character with flaming red hair, dressed in form-fitting overalls, who learns about the Earth from videos, and jabbers. It doesn't matter if there are any syntactic rules to her jabbering; it's an element of that character in that IP if she jabbers somehow.
  • Or it matters greatly, but only with reference to the Kharn character in Prelude (I believe this character was also supposed to be in the feature-length release). Remove Kharn from the equation and you are still left with, let's see -
    • Soval
    • Sarek
    • Garth of Izar
    • Chang
    • The USS Enterprise
    • Vulcan (the planet)
    • Vulcans (the species)
    • Klingons (the species)
    • etc etc.
Despite how entertainingly put together the amicus is, it amounts to, either way, a big ole' whatevz.
 
Exactly, and it's not even innocent misunderstanding. There's no way Alec & Co. can play off their "we're just a fan film" excuse at this point. Productions who claim they are independent, who claim they use professionals, who claim they are better than the studio for quality, they know exactly what they're doing.

Also they are paying their people. Its stealing. Paramount and CBS are still creating Star Trek that sprung from TOS and to have amateurs like Alec take advantage and use the same property to make money without even a written contract with wither company is criminal.
 
Also they are paying their people. Its stealing. Paramount and CBS are still creating Star Trek that sprung from TOS and to have amateurs like Alec take advantage and use the same property to make money without even a written contract with wither company is criminal.
Indeed, CBS/P have two newer movies out, with a third on the way, and a TV series coming out next year. Axanar positioned themselves as the better alternative to CBS/P's iterations of Star Trek. In essence, this was Alec & Co. telling people to not spend their money on the other Trek, and to spend money on their own version of Star Trek, an IP they didn't own and had no license agreement to produce.

I mean, how stupid does a person have to be to use someone else's IP, and instead of laying low and just enjoying what they have, stand up and trumpet how much better their ripoff version is.
 
With Abject apologies to Simon and Garfunkel


The Boxanar

He was just a poor boy.
Now his story's often told,
He has squandered his donations
For a copyright infringement
And his promises...
All lies and jest
Still, a man hears what he wants to hear
And disregards the rest.

Oooo oo ooooo

When He first used Star Trek's IP
And began his fakery
He was no more than a PropMan
In the company of Innocents and Unawares
Running bold,
Obsfucating
Building Studios and Fibbing
Where the rental people go,
Looking for the places
Only they would know.

Lie-la-lie...oh he lied, lie-lie-la-lie,
Oh he lied...oh-he-lied-lie-lie-la-lie, oh-he-lied-la-liiiiiieee

Asking only "workman's wages"
He came looking for a job,
But he got no offers,
Just a video to show
His "Fan Film" Axanar
I do declare,
That there are times when don't like
The fallout, falling on my
Legal Star Trek

Lie-la-lie...

Then I'm reading all about it, and
I'm wishing it was gone,
Court date soon?
Where the California rulings
Could ruin other films
Settlements
"Voyage Home"

In the courtroom stands Infringement
And a scammer by his trade
And he carries the reminders
Of ev'ry scene that laid him down
And cut him till he cried out
In his anger, with no shame,
"Its not Star Trek, It's not Star Trek."
But the untruth still remains

Lie-la-lie...oh he lied, lie-lie-la-lie,
Oh he lied...oh-he-lied-lie-lie-la-lie, oh-he-lied-la-liiiiiieee

Had a feeling all these years that "lie-la-lie" could eventually find a deserving target :hugegrin: Bravo.

I invite you to read some of those posts, or the Copyright Act, and then say something intelligent about either, as muCephi and Jespah have done. They speak in friendly but well-informed disagreement (which I think we have, through conversation and mutual correction, largely figured out together -- correct me if I'm wrong, guys).

Hold your horses :cool: Its only been a few days since you wrote a very detailed response to my last post, and I have been trying to digest it amidst other things going on.

I don't think the question of copyrightability of constructed languages has been very well discussed here, its probably a much larger topic than this thread should entertain just to present a few opinions back and forth that we have, and even that would probably be a sideshow to what career experts in it would say. But we can discuss a little.

The point of departure for me is that human understanding of what can be a system has likely evolved very much since the day quite a while ago now, when "the law" laid down its super simple assertion that "systems" can always cleanly and simplistically be distinguished from embodied works.

I feel at the very least that it depends on the nature of the embodied work and the nature of the "system" being seen within it. I am not convinced that one can say that languages can have a purely abstract "system" extracted from them just because something called a dictionary can be defined out of components of the language.

Existence we relate to can be seen as set of nested and overlapping systems, where one *arbitrarily* chooses some level of aggregation of phenomena as axiomatic "atoms" in a model (defined as existing), and then a "system" is defined atop it. We see "ecology". We see "biochemistry". We see "sociology". We see "language". We see "semiotics" inside language, and "linguistics" above any given language. This era's mentality is more fluid in this recognition that multiple "systems" can be simultaneously viewed, and each have their own "dictionaries", which may gloss together for convenience things which are systems or subsystems or atoms in some other view.

Thus when speaking specifically of a "dictionary" of a language, I do not see it as necessarily a pure Platonic object. It is a definition of "atoms" that are only atoms for the sake of the particular activity being achieved ("language", in this case). So those "atoms" COULD have aspects of other systems in them, not just be atoms of a Platonic dictionary. This IMO makes language as a particular type of "system" a hybrid concept amenable to analysis as to copyright, in my view. How much of the dictionary "meaning" arises from where? This is perhaps a more precise stating of the grounds for the argument that a language needs to be "natural" to transcend *any* copyright examination. That you can define "atoms" is not as absolute and context-discarding as it seems. Where the dictionary came from may matter.

When I asked you to strip all the various studio-provided elements out of Klingon, one by one, you balked when we reached Mr. Okrand's dictionary and other works, saying nothing would be left, but it didn't matter because systems cannot be copyrighted, because the law uses the word "system".

My view is that for language, dictionaries and grammar can't simply be viewed as such Platonic "system" components (the way for example one might argue mathematics could be seen wrt/ physics), but must in their fullness also be seen as arising from and interwoven with other systems such as culture. IMO the question of how significant this dependency is for language specifically wrt/ copyright needs interpretation, not just the blanket application of a generic definition of "system" written in a different era. I am not saying "systems" are copyrightable, I am saying "systems" one may arbitrarily define may in some cases not be pure "systems", but admixed in turn with copyrightable material.
 
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Also they are paying their people. Its stealing. Paramount and CBS are still creating Star Trek that sprung from TOS and to have amateurs like Alec take advantage and use the same property to make money without even a written contract with wither company is criminal.

:techman:
nutshell.jpg
 
disclaimer:
I believe the Klingon Language to be an actual language, now.
Copyrightable?. No. probably not...
Yes, I know it is all just made up, but that ship left space dock long ago!


While more learned and informed Posters than I have discussed the "copyrightability" of the Klingon Language, I would just add that, as a "language system", Klingon has a documentable history of:

Language Camps in the States (and other countries?) where people go to learn/speak/perfect their Klingon
Any number of Cons and other large gatherings over the years that have Klingon Language Seminars - in Klingon
Classic Works, translated into Klingon
Search Engines and sites that facilitate translation from other languages into Klingon
The Klingon Language Institute
A fair exposure in and use of Klingon in popular culture
Lawyers writing briefs in Klingon
K'Ehleyr - wow!!! (sorry...personal files...how did this get on the list???)
Nearly 500,000 hits on Google, alone
a Klingon Dictionary
A documented and information-detailed Klingon-speaking Society, with structure, religion and history

Not for one minute do I think a court would actually rule that Klingon was a language, but, based on some definitions of "language", and based on what Klingon - as a language - carries with it, I would love to witness the hearings and ruling leading up to whether Klingon would be accepted as a language in its own right.
 
It would be interesting to find out whether or not NBS paid CBS royalties for using Klingon dialog in an episode of E.R.
 
Your post doesn't deserve to be read since right off you make it about the poster rather than the argument. Suggest you try again.

His argument? Let's revisit that "argument," shall we?

Anyone who thinks Klingon doesn't belong to the rightful owners of Star Trek (CBS) is as insane and as deluded as Alec Peters... Willful ignorance is the malady plaguing anyone who doesn't yet see Alec Peters for the flickerpiss nosescum of fandom (and society in general, really) that he has always been.

Karzak's "argument" was a pure ad hominem. I took pains to not reply in kind, but instead criticized his post (not the poster), dismissed his baseless conclusions, criticized the impulses on display in his insulting post, and observed that his comparisons much more accurately apply to him.

So what's the Latin for "double standard", Maurice?

In any event, it's over. Unless Karzak decides to compare me to Alec Peters again (which is easily the nastiest insult in either post), I consider his "argument" rebutted and the matter settled.

So, back on the main topic: everything @jespah said in his most recent post is right. The argument about the copyrightability of Klingon, which we already knew was a sideshow, is in fact a sideshow to a sideshow, because the language is only going to come up in a substantial similarity analysis anyway (and CBS/P has Axanar dead to rights on that score with or without the language). There's no particular need to continue litigating it here.

@muCephi, I'd love to reply to your post, but (1) I think you're right that your thoughts on semiotics are beginning to exceed the boundaries of this thread, and I don't want to drag it off-topic, and (2) I think, after today, I'd really like to go back to lurking this thread for the next few months anyway. I am always up for a talk about the metaphysics of language and philosophy of statutory interpretation (those are, literally, two of my hobbies, and they don't come up at the same time very often!), but perhaps we should take your suggestion and start a new thread? Or we can go to PM; I believe I'm only a few posts away from having a PM inbox. Either way, let me know. (Also, fair warning: metaphysics is a hobby but I'm terrible at it.)
 
disclaimer:
I believe the Klingon Language to be an actual language, now.
Copyrightable?. No. probably not...
Yes, I know it is all just made up, but that ship left space dock long ago!


While more learned and informed Posters than I have discussed the "copyrightability" of the Klingon Language, I would just add that, as a "language system", Klingon has a documentable history of:

Language Camps in the States (and other countries?) where people go to learn/speak/perfect their Klingon
Any number of Cons and other large gatherings over the years that have Klingon Language Seminars - in Klingon
Classic Works, translated into Klingon
Search Engines and sites that facilitate translation from other languages into Klingon
The Klingon Language Institute
A fair exposure in and use of Klingon in popular culture
Lawyers writing briefs in Klingon
K'Ehleyr - wow!!! (sorry...personal files...how did this get on the list???)
Nearly 500,000 hits on Google, alone
a Klingon Dictionary
A documented and information-detailed Klingon-speaking Society, with structure, religion and history

Not for one minute do I think a court would actually rule that Klingon was a language, but, based on some definitions of "language", and based on what Klingon - as a language - carries with it, I would love to witness the hearings and ruling leading up to whether Klingon would be accepted as a language in its own right.

It could be a very modern sort of debate but it probably won't stick to Axanar and so probably won't happen anytime soon.
 
@muCephi, I'd love to reply to your post, but (1) I think you're right that your thoughts on semiotics are beginning to exceed the boundaries of this thread, and I don't want to drag it off-topic... but perhaps we should take your suggestion and start a new thread? Or we can go to PM...

sure, let me know when your box opens. I don't think I'd have enough to say to keep a thread going but I am still digesting your prior comments so I think we can chat more for sure.

I am noting this on the thread as an indication I do not want to use up unlimited bandwidth here on this sidebar either and plan to go to PM with the long posts on it.
 
Posted here due to the fact that "GSchnitzer" has blocked rebuttal in the thread started in order to discuss the relationship between CBS standards and the behavior of professional film makers who continue to comment upon the CBS v. Axanar case:
GSchnitzer writes, "Lastly, of course, leaving the poster's message up "speaks to the openness of the discussion and the willingness to examine aberrant cyber-bullying behavior on this board."

Of course, "GSchnitzer" also locked the thread, sent me multiple emails accusing me of misconduct when in fact GSchnitzer is in fact utterly failing to discipline the individuals engaged in clearly inappropriate conduct. Could this be due to the fact that those individuals were involved with New Voyages? Why protect people who are actively accusing another of being a "homophobe" just because I have the gall to pose challenging questions related to CBS v. Axanar to specific individuals active in this board.

As a person who has been a Viacom shareholder, the on-going misinterpretation of the CBS v. Axanar case by uninformed people on this board is a problem for CBS corp, CBS execs, and CBS shareholders.

GSchnitzer has locked the other thread. This gives me no other option but to respond here.
GSchnitzer should resign as a moderator of the "Fan Production" section of TrekBBS. He is unable to fairly moderate these threads and does not take action in the face of clear abuses by people from his own production.

I will say that this is my final message on this subject on this board. But, due to the persistent failure of "GSchnitzer" to appropriately moderate the board and due to the absence of apology from "GSchnitzer", I am going to be reaching out to CBS itself to review this thread, this board, and the on-going behavior of the individuals involved.

I am very saddened that it has come to this, but I will not stand silent the cyber bullying of innocent people persists.
It is totally inappropriate to condone disinformation attacks on innocent people, totally unacceptable to condone cyber-bullying, and totally irresponsible to impact the CBS v. Axanar case.
 
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