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Are they really speaking English?

Totally in my own pie-in-the-sky Trek universe, but I like to think they all speak multiple languages as so:

Federation Standard
- an artificial language that's easy to understand, learn, and use even if you don't speak it...a linguistic version of the "universal language" of mathematics, created to foster understanding between even the most alien of species.

If human, then they also speak Anglish. In looking (without success) for a link to this, I learned there's a real world "Anglish" language that was an attempt to rid a more Germanic English of its French and Greek parts - yikes. But the one I'm thinking of is from (I think) Margaret Wander Bonanno's earlier Trek books. It's basically what they call American English as it's evolved up to the 23rd century, and is the lingua franca of the human memberworld.

Finally, they speak a traditional language from wherever they're from...Chekov speaks Russian, etc.

Worf speaks Ukranian as well perhaps, but his first language was Klingon - whichever dialect his parents spoke...perhaps (being wealthy aristocrats) they spoke some high-falutin "court" language as well as the regular Klingon of the masses, and a traditional language from wherever their family was from.

Uhura is like Santa Claus...she speaks all the languages of all the children of all the galaxy - as per the North Pole Convention of 2153.
 
I guess we have to make our minds up because i doubt the producers will ever give a definitive answer. The only way we can make a space opera like Star Trek is if the aliens somehow understand each other. I have a couple of theories:

1) Most Starfleet personnel are fitted with a universal translator either in their ear or in their brain. Whenever an alien speacks the translator turns the language they are hearing into English. The Episode where Quark and Nog crash land at Roswell backs up this idea, when the universal translators are located in their ears and they have to use a pin or something to get them working again. Theres no lip sync problems because it would spoil the show.

2) Nanotechnology has allowed information to be directly uploaded into peoples brains. Many Starfleet personnel have a tiny chip in their brain which allows them to understand and speak known languages. But in which case why do they need a comm officer?
 
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