Ultimately, this all boils down to the fact that these are plot devices, and technical rationalizations will always take a back seat to the needs of the story.
But just as readers of Sherlock Holmes had fun 'pretending it was real' and then thinking about the techniques Holmes used to come to his conclusions, so Trek fans have ever tried to imagine the real-world implications of the technology as presented. Saying: "Well none of it's real anyway!" misses the whole point. And yes there have been many Trek writers [bad, lazy writers] who didn't bother pretending it was real and thinking about the established techical boundaries of the universe, but most good Trek writers are fans of the universe who really do care about, and think about, how the world as presented was supposed to work.