...the gag itself isn't really what is funny, it's our connection with the character delivering he line, that we know that person and their emotions.
Tintin, Captain Haddock, and the other characters from the books are very famous through much of the world and many moviegoers in international territories already have the kind of connection to the characters that you're talking about with regards to Indy.
You missed my point entirely! I'm not talking about a character's reputation nor how famous they may be. i'm talking about the emotional connection an audience member has to someone on screen. When Indiana Jones takes the idol, and he has the look of self satisfaction on his face while fixing the brim of his hat, the audience knows him, they know everything they need to know about him.
It's all there in the look, just him taking the idol isn't enough to make the scene work, it's how Ford connects us with the character. Also, when Indy gives the same look to his father after taking out the Nazis who were chasing them by motorcycle - and his father gives him a look of disapproval back to him - we feel something that elevates the standard chase material to a whole new level that makes it more about character; it becomes more than an action scene.